湟水河上游大型底栖动物群落结构及水质生物评价  

Macroinvertebrate community structure and bio-assessment of the quality of water in upstream of Huangshui Rive

作　　者：孙瑜旸 李宁[1] 陈阿兰[1] 马国良[1] 其木乐 马琪[1] SUN Yuyang, LI Ning, CHEN Alan, MA Guoliang, QI Mule, MA Qi(College of Agriculture and Animal Husbandry, Qinghai University, Xining 810016, Chin)

机构地区：[1]青海大学农牧学院,青海西宁810016

出　　处：《青海大学学报（自然科学版）》2018年第2期65-71,共7页Journal of Qinghai University(Natural Science)

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(31560601)

摘　　要：为了探究青藏高原湟水河流域内底栖动物群落结构及水质评价状况,于2016年5月和2017年5月对上游19个样点的底栖动物进行了采样分析。采用Shannon-Wiener指数(H')、Goodnight-Whitley生物指数(GI)、Goodnight-Whitley修正指数(GBI)及MBI生物指数对水质进行生物评价。结果表明:底栖动物共有8目25科42属(种),密度为15~394个/m^2,其中以水生昆虫占优势类群,占总物种数的86%。4种生物指数评价湟水河上游水质状况有差异,Shannon-Wiener指数表明除个别地区外大部分地区属于轻度至中度污染;GI指数表明所有研究区域内的水质均为轻度污染;GBI指数表明水质是较差至极差水质;MBI指数表明水质为差至一般水平。综合评价湟水河上游水质处于中下等水平,急需保护。To explore the macroinvertebrate community and the quality evaluation of water of Huangshui River in Qinghai-Tibet plateau,19 sites along the upstream of Huangshui River were chosen for sampling macroinvertebrate in May 2016 and May 2017. Four indicators including the Shannon-Wiener Index（ H’）,Goodnight-Whitley Biological Index（ GI）,Goodnight-Whitley modified Index（ GBI） and Macroinvertebrate Biotic Index（ MBI） were used for evaluating water quality of bio-assessment. The macroinvertebrate assemblages in Huangshui River include 8 orders,25 families,42 genera（ species）. The density of macroinvertebrate is 15 ~ 394/m^2. The dominant group of aquatic insects account for 86% of the total number of species. Four kinds of biological index to evaluate Huangshui River quality have differences： Shannon-Wiener index shows that the upstream is in light to middle pollution except individual regions; GI biological index shows that the water quality in all the study areas is in light pollution; GBI index shows that the water quality is generally worse; MBI index indicates that water quality is at an average level. The water quality of the HuangShui River is at the middle and lower level,which is in urgent need of protection.

关 键 词：湟水河 大型底栖动物 群落结构 水质 生物评价 

分 类 号：X824[环境科学与工程—环境工程] Q958.8[生物学—动物学]