日本民事诉讼证据制度及对中国的启示  

Reform and Present Situation of Evidence System in Japan

作　　者：赵清[1] ZHAO Qing(Graduate School, East China University of Political Science and Law, Shanghai 200042 Chin)

机构地区：[1]华东政法大学研究生教育院,上海200042

出　　处：《河北法学》2018年第5期138-146,共9页Hebei Law Science

摘　　要：2000年后日本着力通过民事诉讼证据制度改革提升裁判效率。改革主要围绕文书收集手段扩充和诉前证据收集程序的新设展开:变文书提出的限定性义务为一般性义务,并设义务排除事由五项,同时增设了内廷审查程序用于甄别公文秘密文书义务排除事由之有无;诉前证据收集以预告通知为前提,设置四种证据调查手段,并将当事人照会制度扩展到诉前。尽管改革措施在一定程度上起到了推动裁判迅速化的效果,但依然存在文书提出义务条款的新旧条文衔接不畅、义务排除事由设置欠缺科学性,及诉前证据收集制度的实效性较弱等问题。总体而言,新制度的适用和效果均尚未达到理想状态。After 2000 the Japanese efforts through civil evidence system reform to enhance the efficiency of trial. The reform is spread mainly around the expansion of documentary evidence collection and the establishment of pretrial evidence-gathering procedures：change limited obligation of producing evidence to a general one,at the meantime,setting five reasons for exclusion; Establishing an ＂in camera ＂ procedure for discriminating whether the exclusive reason of official document exist or not; taking advance notice as premise,pre-trial evidence-gathering procedure include four kinds of evidence investigation,and parties ＇ present delivery can be used before trail.Although to some extent,this reform promote the efficiency of trail,but there are still some problems,including the old provisions are not smooth link with the new ones; exclusion reasons of obligation have not been set properly; and pre-trail evidence procedure has weak effectiveness. Overall,the application and efficiency of new provisions are yet to reached the ideal state.

关 键 词：证据制度 文书提出命令 公务秘密文书 预告通知 诉前证据收集 

分 类 号：DF973[政治法律—国际法学]