新时期中国“乡村病”的科学内涵、形成机制及调控策略  

CONNOTATION, FORMATION MECHANISM AND REGULATION STRATEGIES OF RURAL DISEASE IN THE NEW EPOCH IN CHINA

作　　者：郑小玉[1,2,3,4] 刘彦随 ZHENG Xiao-yu;LIU Yan-sui(Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China;University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beij）ng 100049, China;College of Resources Science 8c Technology, BeijYng Normal University, Beijlhg 100875, China;Center for Assessment and Research on Targeted Poverty Allew＇ation, CAS, Beijing IO010L China)

机构地区：[1]中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所,北京100101 [2]中国科学院大学,北京100049 [3]北京师范大学资源学院,北京100875 [4]中国科学院精准扶贫评估研究中心,北京100101

出　　处：《人文地理》2018年第2期100-106,共7页Human Geography

基　　金：国家科技支撑计划课题(2014BAL01B01)

摘　　要："乡村病"是指在乡村转型发展过程中,由于乡村发展系统内部各子系统之间以及乡村发展系统与周围环境互动失衡导致乡村发展系统失去了自适应、自调节能力而导致乡村发展受阻甚至乡村地域系统衰退的现象。"乡村病"的成因包括乡村资源禀赋及区位条件、社会经济因素、制度与政策因素、技术因素等。"乡村病"在快速城镇化和工业化以及由其扰动形成的乡村转型发展过程中产生,其产生根源在于城乡二元体制以及"重城轻乡"政策等所构成的制度与政策约束。最后,从制度与政策创新、城镇化与乡村化协调均衡发展、村镇建设新格局的构建等方面提出了"乡村病"的调控策略,为我国城乡协调发展的科学决策以及乡村振兴战略提供认识和理论研究基础。With the rapid development of industrialization and urbanization, China is undergoing the transfor- mation of urban-rural relationship and rural development, while these transformation processes confront a prominent challenge brought by rural disease. Rural disease is characterized by regional, temporal evolution, cross infection. According to the existing problems of the subsystems of rural development system, combin- ing with the current research results, the paper summarizes up the five major representations of rural disease at present： high-speed non-agricultural of production factors, aging and weakening of the people left behind in the rural, increasingly empty and waste of rural construction land, pollution of environment, rural poverty. Based on these representations, this paper discusses the influencing factors of rural disease, including rural resource endowment and location condition, social and economic factors, institution and policy factors, tech- nical factors, among which the institution and policy factors exert the biggest influence. Based on perturba- tion theory, the rural disease formation mechanism can be concluded as that rural disease forms in the pro- cess of rapid urbanization, industrialization and the induced urban-rural and rural transformation develop- ment, and roots in the urban and rural binary system and heavily city light township policy.

关 键 词：乡村病 城镇化 乡村振兴 形成机制 调控策略 

分 类 号：K901[历史地理—人文地理学]