广西杧果炭疽病菌种类的构成与分布  

Composition and distribution of Colletitruchm species associated with anthracnose of mango (Mangifera indica L.) in Guangxi

作　　者：覃丽萍[1] 余功明 张艳[1] 莫贱友[1] 苏琴[1] 谢玲[1] 农倩[1] 陈艳露[1] QIN Liping;YU Gongming;ZHANG Yan;MO Jianyou;SU Qin;XIE Ling;NONG Qian;CHEN Yanlu(Microbiology Research Institute Plant Protection Research Institute, Guangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanning 530007, Guangxi, China;Henan Xinlianxin Chemical Fertilizer Ltd., Xinxiang 453731, Henan, China)

机构地区：[1]广西农业科学院微生物研究所.植物保护研究所,南宁530007 [2]河南心连心化肥有限公司,河南新乡453731

出　　处：《果树学报》2018年第4期469-480,共12页Journal of Fruit Science

基　　金：广西自然科学基金(2013GXNSFAA019064);广西农业科学院科技发展基金(桂农科2017JM34);国家现代农业产业技术体系广西杧果创新团队(nycytxgxcxtd-06-03)

摘　　要：【目的】利用多基因手段结合形态学特征重新确定广西杧果炭疽病菌的分类地位,并统计分析各种类病菌的分布,了解广西杧果炭疽病菌的种类和优势群体,为进一步研究我国杧果炭疽菌及其病害的诊断、防控提供有力依据。【方法】从广西百色市、南宁市、钦州市等杧果产地采集杧果不同部位的炭疽病害样本,采用组织分离法进行分离,对所得分离物进行致病性测定,证明为杧果炭疽病菌。对病菌的ITS和ACT、GPDH、TUB2、CAL多基因位点进行扩增和测序,各基因序列按ITS、GPDH、ACT、TUB2、CAL的顺序相连接形成复合序列,采用MEGA 6.06软件以邻接法(neighbor-joining,NJ)构建系统发育树,结合病菌的形态特征鉴定其分类地位,并统计各种类病菌的总分离率及其在不同地区、植株不同部位的分离率。【结果】获得50株杧果炭疽病菌菌株,分别属于3个种:Colletotrichum asianum、C.fructicola、C.siamense,其中36株为C.asianum、12株为C.fructicola、2株为C.siamense。C.asianum、C.fructicola、C.siamense的总分离率分别为72%、24%、4%;C.asianum在所有检测地区、植株部位均能分离到,且分离率均最高,超过57.1%;C.fructicola能从所有检测地区、枝条以外的植株部位分离到,其中花梗上的分离率最高,为42.9%;C.siamense仅从百色市的果实上分离到,分离率为13.3%。【结论】广西杧果炭疽病菌主要有C.asianum、C.fructicola和C.siamense 3个种,均属于C.gloeosporioides复合种,其中C.asianum为优势种,C.fructicola是我国杧果炭疽病菌的新记录种;病菌的种类与地理来源、侵染部位无明显相关性。【Objective】Mango（Mangifera indica L.） is an economically important fruit crop in China and other tropical/subtropical regions in the world. Mango is affected by a number of diseases during its growth and development as well as postharvest storage and marketing. Anthracnose, caused by Colletotrichum spp., is the most serious disease effecting mangoes. The disease can significantly lower mango productivity and quality, which can lead to large economic losses in the mango production chain in severe cases. In China, the anthracnose of mango was previously reported to be caused by Colletotrichum gloeosporioides Sensu Lato and C. acutatum Sensu Lato. However, based on recent multigene phylogenetic analyses, both C. gloeosporioides Sensu Lato and C. acutatum Sensu Lato have been treated as species complex. There are few studies on the morphological and molecular characterization of distinct Colletotrichum species associated with mango in the species complex. This study aimed to investigate the populations of the Colletitruchm species associated with mango anthracnose in Guangxi based onfive gene sequences and morphological characteristics, and to determine the predominant Colletotrichum species responsible for mango anthracnose. The results of this study are expected to provide a better understanding on the etiology of the disease and scientific basis for its management.【Methods】Mango leaves,fruits, twigs and pedicels showing anthracnose symptoms were sampled from the major mango-producing areas in Baise, Nanning and Qinzhou cities, Guangxi, China. Colletitruchm cultures were isolated using the routine tissue isolation method and their pathogenicities were tested on detached mango leaves（wounded and unwounded） using mycelial plugs as inocula. Partial r DNA-ITS（ITS） region and glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase（GPDH）, actin（ACT）, β-tubulin（TUB2）, and calmodulin（CAL） genes were amplified by polymerase chain reaction（PCR）. A concatenated Neighbor-Joining phylogenetic tree was

关 键 词：杧果 炭疽菌 多基因 种类 分布 广西 

分 类 号：S667.7[农业科学—果树学]