裸藻遗传转化技术的研究进展  

RESEARCH PROGRESS ON GENETIC TRANSFORMATION TECHNOLOGY OF EUGLENA

作　　者：邵青 蒋永光 雷安平 胡章立 王江新 SHAO Qing1, JIANG Yong-Guang2, LEI An-Ping1, HU Zhang-Li1, WANG Jiang-Xin1(1.The Key Laboratory of Marine Biological Resources and Ecological Environment in Shenzhen, College of Life Sciences and Oceanography Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China ; 2. Department of Biological Science and Technology, School of Environmental Studies, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430074, Chin)

机构地区：[1]深圳大学生命与海洋科学学院深圳市海洋生物资源与生态环境重点实验室,深圳518060 [2]中国地质大学(武汉)环境学院生物科学与技术系,武汉430074

出　　处：《水生生物学报》2018年第3期655-662,共8页Acta Hydrobiologica Sinica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(31500071和31670116);中国博士后科学基金特别资助项目(2016T90801)资助~~

摘　　要：裸藻(Euglena),又称为眼虫,是具有植物和动物双重特性的单细胞真核生物,其细胞核具有间核性质,叶绿体起源于二次共生,具有不稳定性,在胁迫条件下易丢失。因此,裸藻是研究生物进化和叶绿体内共生的理想材料,具有重要的科学价值。而且裸藻细胞富含多不饱和脂肪酸、氨基酸和维生素等多种营养物质,能够积累很高含量的副淀粉和蜡酯,既是一种高附加值的保健食品,也是生产生物能源的优质原材料。目前,关于裸藻基因功能的研究主要是采用生理生化的方法,缺少有效的遗传操作技术,裸藻基因工程改造的研究进展十分缓慢,文章对裸藻遗传转化方法及其研究进展进行了详细综述,以期为裸藻功能基因组学的研究和生物技术的开发提供参考。Euglena have important scientific value for studying biological evolution and chloroplast endosymbiosis and provide high value-added dietary supplements as well as high-quality feedstock for biofuel production. Studies of Euglena have been mainly explored by physiological and biochemical methods. With almost completed Euglena genome, we employed diverse OMIC techniques such as single cell RNA-seq, transcriptomic, proteomic, methylomic,and metabolomics to study the chloroplast development and the communication between chloroplast and nucleus. We hooked up some interesting genes and micro RNA targets. Little progress has been achieved in genetic engineering of Euglena due to lack of efficient techniques for genetic operation. In here, we reviewed the methods in genetic transformation of Euglena, such as antibiotic biomarkers, biolistic, electroporation, glass beads and Agrobacterium transformation techniques, RNAi, potential CRISPR/cas9, and cpf1 genome editing, to provide a reference for functional genomics and biotechnology of Euglena.

关 键 词：裸藻 叶绿体 基因组 遗传转化 RNA干扰 

分 类 号：Q173[生物学—水生生物学]