建国初期组织疗法推广运动研究  

A Study on the Movement of the Promotion of Tissue Therapy in the Early Days of New China

作　　者：张会丽 ZHANG Hui-li(School of Humanities, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049 ,China)

机构地区：[1]中国科学院大学人文学院,北京100049

出　　处：《广西民族大学学报（自然科学版）》2018年第1期15-19,共5页Journal of Guangxi Minzu University ：Natural Science Edition

摘　　要：组织疗法起源于苏联著名医学家费拉托夫院士(ВладимирПетровичΦилатов)1933年在眼科研究中的发现,随着这种疗法在眼疾治疗上取得成效,他认为这种临床诊疗方法可以推广到其他疾病的治疗上.他创立的组织疗法得到了苏联政府的大力推崇,被认为是社会主义阵营科研领域的一大创举.该疗法在解放战争末期传入我国,整个50年代是该疗法发展最为迅速的时期,从国家层面的政治宣传到学术权威都大力推崇这种可以论证社会主义优越性的医学发现.50年代末,随着中苏关系趋冷,这种疗法也逐渐销声匿迹.这种疗法的治疗范围无疑是被夸大的,理性的学术争论都被主流的推广运动所掩盖.笔者希冀通过运用历史学和社会心理学理论对这一推广运动进行分析,能够对特殊社会背景下政治和医学(或科学)的互动关系做简单的案例探讨.Tissue therapy was originated in 1933 in the ophthalmological study of the discovery by the former Soviet Union well-known physician Academician Vla dimis Petrovieh Filatov（Владимир Петрович Φилатов）.With the achievement for this therapy in the treatment of some eye diseases,he believes that this clinical treatment methods could be extended to the treatment of other diseases.Tissue therapy he founded was great esteem by the former Soviet governments,which was considered a major innovation in the field of scientific research of the socialist camp.The therapy was introduced into China at the end of the War of Liberation.The whole time of the 1950 swas the most glorious period of the development of this therapy.The political propaganda from the academic authority to the national level strongly advocated the medical discoveries that could demonstrate the superiority of socialism.Therefore,tissue therapy promoted rapidly as a way of the movement in China.Suddenly,there had been many new ＂results＂ in everywhere.At the end of the 1950 s,with the Sino-Soviet relations becoming cold,this therapy had gradually disappeared.The treatment＇s scope of this therapy was undoubtedly exaggerated,and this over-promotion was also a catalytic product in the special international political background.At that time,whether Filatov himself who was monitored in his later years or a very small number of physicians who suspected this therapy in China,rational academic debate had been overshadowed by the mainstream political movement.This paper aims to analyze the special promotion movement in the medical field by applying the theories of history and social psychology,so as to make a simple case study on the interaction between politics and medicine（or science）in a special social context.

关 键 词：组织疗法 社会主义阵营 权威崇拜 推广运动 

分 类 号：N09[自然科学总论—科学技术哲学]