建德市疟疾流行病学特征分析  

Epidemiological characteristics of malaria in Jiande

作　　者：杨献青[1] 方利洪[1] 王卫强[1] 钟荣万[1] 王飞[1] 梁杰[1] 叶爱婷 金行一[2] 徐校平[3] YANG Xian-qing;FANG Li-hong;WANG Wei-qiang;ZHONG Rong-wan;WANG Fei;LIANG Jie;YE Ai-ting;JIN Xing-yi;XU Xiao-ping(Jiande Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Jiande, Zhejiang 311600, China)

机构地区：[1]建德市疾病预防控制中心,浙江建德311600 [2]杭州市疾病预防控制中心 [3]浙江省疾病预防控制中心

出　　处：《预防医学》2018年第5期482-484,489,共4页CHINA PREVENTIVE MEDICINE JOURNAL

基　　金：杭州市境外输入性疟疾流行病学新特征和防控对策研究(2018A79)

摘　　要：目的了解建德市1999—2017年疟疾的流行病学特征,为制定疟疾防制策略提供依据。方法收集建德市1999—2017年疟疾年报表、"三热"病人监测数据和流行病学个案调查资料,分析疟疾流行季节、地区、人群分布特征及感染来源等。结果 1999—2017年建德市共报告疟疾70例,年均发病率为0.73/10万;间日疟、恶性疟和卵形疟分别占81.43%、15.71%和2.86%;死亡1例,为恶性疟。本地病例40例,占57.14%,均为间日疟,发病集中在5—10月,以20~59岁农民为主;其中2004年发生一起由输入性病例引起的本地居民点状暴发流行,持续5年,累计报告32例,占本地病例的80.00%。输入性病例30例,占42.86%,以外出务工感染为主,2012年前输入性病例主要来自国内高疟区和东南亚,2012年后主要来自非洲。中华按蚊是建德市唯一传疟媒介,叮人率平均为11.00只/(人·夜)。结论建德市输入性疟疾病例增多,主要来源地从国内高疟区和东南亚转变为非洲;本地中华按蚊密度较高,仍需警惕本地疟疾病例的暴发。Objective To understand the epidemiological characteristics of malaria in Jiande from 1999 to 2017,and to provide evidence for malaria control and prevention. Methods Data related to annual reports of malaria, ＂ triple fever＂ patients＇ surveillance and epidemiological investigation information of individual malaria cases in Jiande from 1999 to 2017 were collected.The epidemiological characteristics of seasonality, regional and population distribution, as well as the source of infection were analyzed. Results A total number of 70 malaria cases were reported in Jiande from 1999 to 2017, with the average annual incidence of 0.73/100 000. The cases of Plasmodium vivax, Plasmodium falciparum and Plasmodium ovale malaria were accounted for 81.43%, 15.71% and 2.86%, respectively. One case of Plasmodium falciparum malaria died. There were 40 indigenous cases（57.14% in total）, and all of them were Plasmodium vivax cases. Most cases were occured during May to October,and the main age group fell in between 20 and 59 years old. A indigenous sporadic outbreak of malaria were occurred in the year 2004 due to imported cases, which last 5 years in Jiande and 32 cases（accounted for 80.00 % in total indigenous cases） were reported. There were 30 imported（42.86% in total） malaria cases,mainly of them were migrant oversea workers.The source of infection were the domestic high malaria area or southeast Asia countries before the year 2012 and were come from Africa after 2012. The anopheles sinensis was the only medium of infection of malaria in Jiande,and the bite rate was 11.00 per person at night. Conclusion The imported cases of malaria in Jiande have increased,and main source of imported areas have changed from domestic epidemic areas and Southeast Asia to Africa. The density of anopheles sinensis is high,so the prevention and control of Plasmodium vivax is still need to be emphasised.

关 键 词：疟疾 输入性 流行病学 

分 类 号：R254.5[医药卫生—中医内科学]