不同有机菌肥对豫中烤烟生长代谢及品质的影响  

Effects of Different Organic Bacterial Fertilizers on Growth,Metabolism and Quality of Flue-cured Tobacco in Central Henan Province

作　　者：李影[1] 马聪[2] 刘世亮[1] 陈秀华[2] 张弘[1] 程传策[3] 姜桂英[1] LI Ying;MA Cong;LIU Shi-liang;CHEN Xiu-hua;ZHANG Hong;CHENG Chuan-ce;JIANG Gui-ying(College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450002,China;Henan Tobacco Corporation, China National Tobacco Corporation, Zhengzhou 450002, China;College of Tobacco, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450002, China)

机构地区：[1]河南农业大学资源与环境学院,河南郑州450002 [2]中国烟草总公司河南省烟草公司,河南郑州450002 [3]河南农业大学烟草学院,河南郑州450002

出　　处：《江西农业学报》2018年第5期54-60,共7页Acta Agriculturae Jiangxi

基　　金：河南省烟草公司重大面上项目"不同生物炭对植烟土壤碳氮比和紧实度调节机制研究及应用"(LYKJ201504);"河南典型浓香型烤烟有机酸代谢与调控技术研究"(HYKJ201406)

摘　　要：为筛选出适宜豫中烟区最优有机肥种类,采用田间试验的方法,在施用相同化学肥料和芝麻饼肥的基础上,设置CK(烟农习惯施肥)、T_1(精制有机肥)、T_2(有机肥料1号)、T_3(复方有机菌肥)4个处理,测定了不同处理下烤烟的农艺性状、碳氮代谢关键酶活性、化学成分及烤后烟叶品质。结果表明:与CK相比,有机肥料1号和复方有机菌肥处理显著提高了烤烟的株高,增加了叶长、叶宽和叶片数。精制有机肥和复方有机菌肥处理提高了烤烟生长前期硝酸还原酶活性、后期转化酶和淀粉酶活性。有机肥料1号处理提高了前期烟叶氮含量,复方有机菌肥和精制有机肥处理分别提高了后期烟叶磷和钾含量。且复方有机菌肥处理提高了总糖、还原糖和钾含量,降低了烟碱和氯离子含量;有机肥处理显著促进中部叶(C3F)中性致香物质的合成,其中复方有机菌肥处理的致香物质总量最高(551.53μg/g)。综上所述,在豫中烟区,有机肥料1号和复方有机菌肥与化肥芝麻饼肥配施能促进烤烟生长,改善烤烟品质。In order to screen out the optimum organic fertilizer kind for flue-cured tobacco production in central Henan province,we carried out the field experiment with the following four treatments：CK,farmers＇ practical fertilization without organic fertilizer; T1,refined organic fertilizer; T2,organic fertilizer No.1; T3,compound organic bacterial fertilizer.The same quantity of chemical fertilizer and sesame cake manure were applied in all treatments.The agronomic traits,the activity of leaf key enzymes in carbon and nitrogen metabolism,the leaf chemical compositions,and the baked leaf quality of tobacco plants in various treatments were analyzed.The results showed that：in comparison with CK,the organic fertilizer No.1 and the compound organic bacterial fertilizer significantly increased the plant height,leaf length,leaf width and leaf number of flue-cured tobacco; the refined organic fertilizer and the compound organic bacterial fertilizer improved the activity of nitrate reductase of flue-cured tobacco in earlier growth period,and the activities of invertase and amylase in later growth period; the organic fertilizer No.1 enhanced the nitrogen content in tobacco leaves at earlier growth stage; the compound organic bacterial fertilizer and the refined organic fertilizer enhanced the phosphorus content and potassium content in tobacco leaves at later growth stage,respectively; the compound organic bacterial fertilizer raised the contents of total sugar,reducing sugar and potassium,and reduced the contents of nicotine and chlorine ion in tobacco leaves; the treatments with organic fertilizer significantly promoted the synthesis of neutral aroma components in middle-part leaves（C3F）,and the treatment with compound organic bacterial fertilizer obtained the highest total content of aroma components（551.53 μg/g）.In conclusion,in tobacco-planting area of central Henan province,the combined application of organic fertilizer No.1 or compound organic bacterial fertilizer with chemical fertilizer and sesame cake ma

关 键 词：精制有机肥 复方有机菌肥 烤烟 品质 

分 类 号：S572[农业科学—烟草工业]