北盘江董箐水电站库区鱼类资源调查  

Fish Resource Investigation of Dongqing Hydropower Station Reservoir in Beipan River Basin

作　　者：冯三杰 王从锋 谭宏 王瑶 陈明明[1] FENG San-jie;WANG Cong-feng;TAN Hong;WANG Yao;CHEN Ming-ming(College of Hydraulic and Environmental Engineering, China Three Gorges University, Hubei Yichang 443002, P. R. China;Synergistic Innovation Center of Geological Disasters and Ecological Environment in the Three Gorges Region in Hubei Province, Hubei Yichang 443002 ,P. R. China)

机构地区：[1]三峡大学水利与环境学院,湖北宜昌443002 [2]三峡地区地质灾害与态环境湖北省协同创新中心,湖北宜昌443002

出　　处：《水生态学杂志》2018年第2期70-76,共7页Journal of Hydroecology

基　　金：水利部公益性行业科研专项(201201030);贵州北盘江电力股份有限公司合作项目(SDHZ2012136)

摘　　要：为探究董箐水电站成库后库区内渔业资源群落组成和物种多样性变化情况,给董箐水库资源的合理开发与利用、库区鱼类资源保护以及增殖放流活动提供技术参考和科学依据,于2013-2015年在董箐库区进行6次生物采样和走访调查。结果表明,本次调查共采集渔获物668尾,隶属3目、8科、29属、39种,其中鲤科鱼类最多,占总种类数的60.8%;唇鲮（Semilabeo notabilis）、花鱼骨（Hemibarbus maculatus）、鲤（Cyprinus carpio）、鲫（Carassius auratus）、云南光唇鱼（Acrossocheilus yunnanensis）、光倒刺鲃（Spinibarbus hollandi）、黄颡鱼（Pelteobagrus fulvidracoi）为库区的优势种;董箐库区鱼类群落生物多样性采用Margalef丰富度指数（DMa）、Shannon-Wiener多样性指数（H＇）和Pielou均匀度指数（J＇）作为评价指标,其平均值为3.811、0.914和2.649,分析发现鱼类物种多样性呈减少趋势。对比历史资料发现,库区鱼类群落结构已发生改变,喜静水或缓流生境的鱼类逐渐成为库区优势种群;由于生态环境的改变,原河段流水型鱼类逐渐被替代,数量逐渐减少。Dongqing Hydropower Station is located in the lower reaches of Beipan River,in southwest Guizhou Province. The upstream of Dongqing Hydropower Station Reservoir connects with Mamaya Reservoir and its downstream connects with Longtan Reservoir on the Hongshui River. Thus,Dongqing Reservoir area serves as a link connecting the fish stocks of Beipanjiang River,Nanpanjiang River and the Hongshui River basin. After reservoir impoundment,a series of investigations were carried out from 2013 to 2015 to assess fish resources in Dongqing Reservoir. Community composition,dominant species and diversity were characterized using a variety of techniques. The study provides a technical reference and scientific basis for the sustainable development and utilization of fish resources in Dongqing reservoir and for fish resource protection enhancement and a release program in the reservoir area. Fish from the main stem and tributaries of Dongjiang reservoir were collected with nets and purchased from fishermen,with 54 catches tallied and sampled over the three years. We also interviewed local fishermen on the fish resource situation. A total of 668 specimens representing 39 species,29 genera,8 families,3 orders were collected,with absolute dominance by Cypriniformes（ 28 species,22 genera and 2 families） accounting for 71. 8% of the total species. Semilabeo notabilis,Hemibarbus maculatus,Cyprinus carpio,Carassius auratus,Acrossocheilus yunnanensis,Spinibarbus hollandi and Pelteobagrus fulvidracoi were the dominant species in the reservoir and most fish are omnivorous. The Margalef richness index（ DMa）,Shannon-wiener diversity index（ H＇）,Pielou evenness index（ J＇） of the fish community were 3. 811,2. 649 and 0. 914,respectively and biodiversity in Dongqing reservoir declined over the three years. Compared with historical data,the fish community structure had changed greatly and the number of fish species had decreased from 49 to 39. Species that prefer running water had declined,while the percentage of species pref

关 键 词：董箐库区 渔获物 优势种 生物多样性 

分 类 号：S932.4[农业科学—渔业资源]