膨化与非膨化饲料对草鱼生长及部分生理生化指标影响  

Comparison of Extruded Feed and Pelleted Feed on the Growth and Physiological-Biochemical Indices of Grass Carp(Ctenopharyngodon idellus)

作　　者：陈团 胡毅[1,2] 陈云飞 张德洪[1,2,3] 戴振炎 CHEN Tuan;HU Yi;CHEN Yun-fei;ZHANG De-hong;DAI Zhen-yan(Hunan Agricultural University, Hunan Engineering Technology Research Center of Featured Aquatic Resources Utilization, Changsha 410128,P. R. China;Collaborative Innovation Center for Efficient and Health Production of Fisheries in Hunan Province, Changde 415000, P. R. China;Tongwei Co. , LTD, Chengdu 610041 ,P. R. China)

机构地区：[1]湖南农业大学特色水产资源利用工程技术研究中心,湖南长沙410128 [2]水产高效健康生产湖南省协同创新中心,湖南常德415000 [3]通威股份有限公司,四川成都610041

出　　处：《水生态学杂志》2018年第2期82-87,共6页Journal of Hydroecology

基　　金：湖南省科技重大专项(2017NK1030);通威股份有限公司产学研项目(TW2014A013)

摘　　要：为了研究不同饲料对草鱼生长、体成分及部分生理生化指标的影响,在水温20-29℃下,将初始体重（394.96±13.21）g的草鱼（Ctenopharynodon idellus）养殖在水库网箱（2 m×2 m×2 m）中,投喂以商业配方为基础配制的膨化和非膨化饲料,养殖时间120 d,每个处理组3个重复,每个重复30尾鱼。结果显示,膨化饲料组草鱼成活率和增重率、肥满度、肝体比、脏体比和肠体比显著高于非膨化料组相,饵料系数和增重成本显著降低（P〈0.05）;鱼体血清血糖、甘油三酯含量和过氧化氢酶、肝脏谷丙转氨酶活性显著升高（P〈0.05）;胰蛋白酶、淀粉酶、脂肪酶、肝脏谷草转氨酶活性显著降低（P〈0.05）。膨化饲料组草鱼水分和灰分无显著差异（P〉0.05）,但粗脂肪显著升高、粗蛋白显著降低（P〈0.05）。研究表明,与非膨化饲料相比,饲喂膨化饲料可提高大规格草鱼生长性能和养殖效益,但会导致鱼体肥满度和粗脂肪含量增加。A 120-day feeding experiment was conducted to compare extruded feed（ EF） and pelleted feed（ PF） on growth,body composition and selected physiological/biochemical indices of grass carp（ Ctenopharyngodon idellus）. The objective was to provide a reference on the use of extruded feed for large grass carp and to optimize the formula. Grass carp,with an initial body weight of 394. 96 ± 13. 21 g,were randomly divided into two groups and cultured in six net cages（ 2 m × 2 m × 2 m） in a reservoir,with 3 replicates per group and 30 fish in each enclosure. During the experiment,water temperature remained in the range 20-29℃ and one group received extruded feed and the other group received pelleted feed. The carp were fed twice daily when the water temperature was below 25℃（ 08 ∶ 30-10 ∶ 00 and 15 ∶ 30-17 ∶ 00）,three times daily（ 07 ∶ 00-8 ∶ 00,11 ∶ 00-12 ∶ 00,17 ∶ 00-18 ∶ 00） when the temperature was above 25℃ and were not fed on rainy days. The weather,water temperature,food consumption and the number of dead fish were recorded each day. After the experiment,three carp were randomly collected from each enclosure after fasting 24 h for determination of body weight and length,weight gain rate（ WGR）,condition factor（ CF）,feed conversion ratio（ FCR） and selected serum physiological-biochemical indices. The survival rate（ SR）,WGR,CF,hepatosomatic index（ HSI）,viserosomatic index（ VSI） and intestinal somatic index（ ISI） for the EF group were significantly higher than those for the PF group,while the feed conversion ratio（ FCR） and weight gain cost were significantly lower（ P〈0. 05）. Serum levels of glucose（ GLU）and triglycerides（ TG） and the activities of catalase（ CAT） and hepatic GPT in the EF group were significantly higher than those in the PF group（ P〈0. 05）. However,the activities of trypsin（ PRS）,amylase（ AMS）,lipase（ LPS） and hepatic GOT were significantly lower（ P〈0. 05）. In the EF group,the crud

关 键 词：膨化饲料 草鱼 生长 体成分 生理生化指标 

分 类 号：X592[环境科学与工程—环境工程]