冷却润滑方式对CFRP/Al叠层钻孔质量及轴向力的影响  

Influence of cooling/lubrication conditions on the drilling quality and thrust force of CFRP/Al stacks

作　　者：张玉玺 吴丹[1] 杨亚鹏[2] 马信国[1] 梁雄 ZHANG Yuxi;WU Dan;YANG Yapeng;MA Xinguo;LIANG Xiong(Department of Mechanical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China;AVIC Xi＇an Aircraft Industry （Group） Limited Company, Xi＇an 710089, China)

机构地区：[1]清华大学机械工程系,北京100084 [2]西安飞机工业(集团)有限责任公司,西安710089

出　　处：《清华大学学报（自然科学版）》2018年第4期402-410,共9页Journal of Tsinghua University(Science and Technology)

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(51575306);清华大学摩擦学国家重点实验室项目(SKLT2015B01)

摘　　要：为了探究碳纤维复合材料（CFRP）/铝合金（Al）叠层钻孔时不同冷却润滑方式对刀具磨损、钻削轴向力和钻孔质量的影响,进行了微量润滑和干式钻削条件下的钻孔实验。通过建立积屑瘤存在时CFRP钻削模型,揭示了影响轴向力诸因素的内在联系,解释了钻削CFRP层轴向力随加工孔数增加而逐渐变大的原因,分析了CFRP切屑分离原理和叠层制孔质量数据。结果表明：积屑瘤通过改变横刃实际工作长度、积屑瘤夹角、主切削刃摩擦角以及碳纤维实际剪切面上应力状态来影响CFRP钻削轴向力;积屑瘤存在时两种冷却润滑方式下CFRP总钻削轴向力的差异主要来源于横刃处的差异。采用干式钻削方式加工CFRP/Al叠层更易形成积屑瘤,连续加工时CFRP层高硬度的碳纤维挤压刀刃导致积屑瘤较软段不断生长脱落,是影响钻孔质量的重要原因;相比干式钻削,采用半程微量润滑方式加工CFRP/Al叠层能获得更好的钻孔质量。The influence of cooling/lubrication conditions on the tool wear,hole quality,and thrust force was analyzed using minimal quantity lubrication（MQL）and dry drilling for drilling carbon fiber reinforced plastic（CFRP）and aluminum stacks. A mechanical model was developed to analyze the increase in the thrust force and the hole quality characteristics with the number of holes when drilling CFRP layers.The relationships between the built-up edge（BUE）,chip separation mechanism,and thrust force were also analyzed.The results show that the BUE influences the thrust force for the CFRP layer by changing the chisel edge real working length,BUE angle,friction angle,and stress states in the real shear plane of the carbon fiber.The differences between the thrust forces at the chisel edge with MQL and dry drilling are the main effects influencing the resultant thrust force.The carbon fibers with the high hardness extruded cutting edges break the BUE continuity which worsens the stack holes quality.MQL improves the machining quality for CFRP/Al stack drilling compared with dry drilling.

关 键 词：叠层钻孔 冷却润滑方式 加工质量 轴向力 

分 类 号：TH16[机械工程—机械制造及自动化]