厚煤层高强度开采对地表响应的特征与机理  

Special features and mechanism of the surface response to the high-intensity mining in the thick seam mining activities

作　　者：白二虎 郭文兵[1,2] 谭毅 杨达明[1] BAI Er-hu;GUO Wen-bing;TAN Yi;YANG Da-ming(School of Energy Science and Engineering, Henan Polytechnic University, Jiaozuo 454000, Henan China;Synergism Innova- tive Center of Coal Safety Production in Henan Province, Jiaozuo 454000, Henan, China)

机构地区：[1]河南理工大学能源科学与工程学院,河南焦作454000 [2]煤炭安全生产河南省协同创新中心,河南焦作454000

出　　处：《安全与环境学报》2018年第2期503-508,共6页Journal of Safety and Environment

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(51774111,51374092);河南省科技创新杰出人才项目(184200510003);国家自然科学煤炭联合基金重点项目(U1261206)

摘　　要：厚煤层高强度开采造成的地表破坏和对环境的影响比传统法开采更严重。以厚煤层高强度开采区域为研究对象,采用现场监测、理论分析等方法对地表裂缝、移动变形角值参数、持续时间及概率积分法参数等进行研究,分析了开采对地表响应的机理。结果表明,厚煤层高强度开采条件下,地表非连续变形特征明显,地表裂缝以拉伸、剪切裂缝为主,工作面上方部分裂缝与工作面贯通引发溃沙、突水及漏风问题影响安全生产。在地表移动变形参数方面,裂缝角、下沉系数及水平移动系数偏大。The objective of this paper is to explore the characteristic features of the surface response to the high intensity mining in the thick coal seam.For the said purpose,first of all,we have introduced the distribution of the thick coal seam,and,we have given a comprehensive definition of high intensity mining in the aspect of the ecological environment.Namely,the thick coal seam（m ≥3.5 m） mining（Long wall Top Coal Caving or Large Mining Height）,the supercritical extraction,the fast face advancing rate（V≥5 m/d）,the high output of the single panel（5-10 Mt/a）,the ratio of mining depth to mining thickness is less than150 and serious damages to the overburden strata and surface.Secondly,based on the field measurement of the high intensity mining in the Northwest China,we have also analyzed and found that the surface cracks have been mainly occurring in the intensified shear cracks,whereas the ground surface has been revealing noticeably discontinuous deformation behaviors.Some of such behaviors are closely related with the panel working face,which may lead to the sand-layer bursts or the air leakage and in turn may endanger the safety production of the above mentioned working face.Thirdly,we have also analyzed the ground surface characteristic features under the high intensity mining in the thick coal seam from the parameters of the surface movement,the duration of the surface movement and the parameters of probability integral method.The results of our exploration show that the crack angle is more focused concentratedly with the remarkable consistency under the condition of high intensity mining area in the thick coal seam,whereas the surface movement tends to be severe with a relatively short duration.In addition,as compared with the traditional mining methods,the subsidence factor and the horizontal movement coefficient may turn to be much greater with the smaller major influence radius.And,finally,the paper has made an analysis of the mechanism of the overloaded strata and the surface cracks in t

关 键 词：安全工程 厚煤层 高强度 地表沉陷 地表裂缝 

分 类 号：X936[环境科学与工程—安全科学]