工作面火灾CO运移规律及FED模型评价下的疏散参数研究  

On the movement regularity of CO and the evacuation parameters under the FED model in the working face fires

作　　者：王婭芳 赵望达[1] 马砺 李珍宝 WANG Ya-fang;ZHAO Wang-da;MA Li;LI Zhen-bao(Disaster Prevention Science ＆ Safety Technology Institute, Central South University, Changsha 410075, China;School of Safety Science and Engineering, Xi＇ an University of Science and Technology, Xi＇an 710054, China)

机构地区：[1]中南大学防灾科学与安全技术研究所,长沙410075 [2]西安科技大学安全科学与工程学院,西安710054

出　　处：《安全与环境学报》2018年第2期583-587,共5页Journal of Safety and Environment

基　　金：中南大学中央高校基本科研业务费专项(2017zzts546)

摘　　要：矿井工作面进风巷火灾对作业人员的逃生影响极大,有毒烟气尤其是CO是造成人员中毒死亡事故的主要原因。以山东某矿3302工作面为例,采用FDS软件研究不同风速下的CO运移规律,通过FED模型确定CO体积分数、人员接触时间综合影响下的安全疏散参数。结果表明：10 MW火灾规模下,工作面进风巷火灾稳定发展阶段,回风巷人眼特征高度处的CO体积分数相等,其表征运移速度与风速呈线性关系;可利用安全疏散时间随CO运移速度和人员逃生速度差值的增大而减小;在临界风速2.0 m/s时,极限可利用安全疏散时间最短。最后提出了合理设定避难硐室区域范围的计算方法,可为工作面火灾时期的人员安全逃生及避难硐室设定提供参考。The paper is inclined to make an emphatic analysis of the movement regularity of CO gas over a long distance in the confined long-narrow space by giving a fire dynamic simulation（FDS） and exploring the distributive features of CO content fraction at the feature height of the human eyes.The starting point of the paper comes from the need to identify and determine the enormous impact of the toxic smoke,especially the CO toxic gas on the workers＇ health and their risk-adventurous escape manners,which is often as the main cause leading to their life loss.For the said study purpose,we have established a mathematical-physical model to imitate the fire flames usually taking place in the intake airway of the mining working face based on the working face No.3 302 of a mine in Shandong.For the said study purpose,we have also calculated the tolerant time under the comprehensive impact of CO volume fraction and the personnel contact time by the FED death model,and further determined the safety evacuation parameters.Suppose that the wind speed is set up from 1.0 m/s to 2.4 m/s and the fire scale is 10 MW,it would be possible to work out the volume fraction of CO at the feature height of human eyes in the direction of the return airway longitudinally during the stable stage of the intake airway fire in the mine working face,for the denotative speed of CO should be linearly correlated with the wind speed but somewhat greater than that in the return airway.What is more,since the available safety egress time（ASET）,a rather dangerous time for evacuation,tends to decrease with the increase of the difference between CO movement speed and the personnel escape speed.The limited value of the available safety egress time（LVASET）,which should be affected by the wind speed and the CO volume fraction,the most dangerous moments that may cause the life-loss of the workers,is likely to come about at the critical wind velocity of 2.0 m/s.Therefore,we have proposed a novel method to lay out a reasonable scale region to set up a re

关 键 词：安全工程 进风巷火灾 FED模型 CO运移规律 疏散时间 避难硐室 

分 类 号：X936[环境科学与工程—安全科学]