轮椅上的宇宙——霍金的学术贡献及影响  

The universe on wheelchair: A brief introduction to Stephen Hawking’s academic contributions and influences

作　　者：蔡荣根[1,2] 曹利明 杨涛[4] CAI Ronggen;CAO Liming;YANG Tao(CAS Key Laboratory of Theoretical Physics, Institute of Theoretical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China;University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China;School of Physical Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China;Department of Astronomy, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China)

机构地区：[1]中国科学院理论物理研究所、中国科学院理论物理重点实验室,北京100190 [2]中国科学院大学,北京100049 [3]中国科学技术大学物理学院,合肥230026 [4]北京师范大学天文系,北京100875

出　　处：《科技导报》2018年第7期14-19,共6页Science & Technology Review

基　　金：国家自然科学基金重大项目(11690022);国家自然科学基金项目(11622543,21010023088)

摘　　要：梳理了霍金的科学贡献及其对相关领域的影响。以时间为序回顾了霍金在经典引力、黑洞热力学及量子宇宙学等领域的巨大科学贡献,并介绍了这些学术工作对引力的全息性质、引力波物理等方面的启发和影响。当然这些包括霍金最为重要的工作,即1974年关于黑洞辐射和黑洞热力学的研究。这一工作影响深远,为人类理解宇宙尤其是引力的本质打开了一扇明亮的窗口。In this article we give a brief introduction of Stephen Hawking＇s main academic contributions and their influences on related subjects. First, we introduce Hawking＇s accomplishments in his academic jobs such as classic gravity, black hole thermodynamics and quantum cosmology. Then we introduce his academic influences on other related subjects such as the holographic principle of gravity and the gravitational wave physics.

关 键 词：黑洞物理 宇宙学 引力全息 引力辐射 引力波 

分 类 号：K835.61[历史地理—历史学] O4[理学—物理]