陵水芒果园土壤养分、pH与果实矿质营养的状况分析  

Analysis of Soil Nutrient, pH and Fruit Mineral Nutrition in Mango Orchard in Lingshui

作　　者：兰子汉 姚智 陈瑞州 李静 仇海威 林电 LAN Zihan;YAO Zhi;CHEN Ruizhou;LI Jing;QIU Haiwei;LIN Dian(Institute of Tropical Agriculture and Forestry, Hainan University, Haikou, Hainan 570228, Chin)

机构地区：[1]海南大学热带农林学院,海南海口570228

出　　处：《热带作物学报》2018年第3期426-432,共7页Chinese Journal of Tropical Crops

基　　金：中央公益性行业(农业)科研专项经费-芒果产业技术研究与示范(No.201203092-4-3)

摘　　要：采集陵水芒果10大主产区芒果园0~20、20~40 cm土层,对采集的土壤样品和果实样品进行养分测定和多元统计分析,以期掌握陵水芒果园土壤养分与果实矿质元素的基本状况及相关性,为科学合理制定陵水芒果主产区的施肥策略提供理论参考。通过多元逐步回归法及线性规划研究发现果园养分优化方案:p H 6.01-6.85,有机质为20~25.22 g/kg,碱解氮大于90 mg/kg,有效磷为22.15~40 mg/kg,速效钾大于100 mg/kg,交换钙大于1 800mg/kg,交换镁为100~144.15 mg/kg,有效硫大于16 mg/kg,有效铁为4.5~20 mg/kg,有效锰大于30 mg/kg,有效铜为0.2~1.03 mg/kg,有效硼为0.5~2 mg/kg。芒果园土壤有机质、碱解氮、有效硼、有效硫、有效钙、有效镁的含量普遍偏低,大部分果园p H都不适宜;建议大量增施有机肥,以基肥为主,适当增加氮肥、硼肥、硫肥、钙肥、镁肥的施入量与养分管理,且要注意不同养分间的比例。在施肥时应根据各地区各时期养分丰缺度平衡施肥,并在生理关键期适当补充微量元素。The basic status and correlation of soil nutrients and mineral elements in the mango orchard of Lingshui were sutudied and the paper would provide a theoretical reference for the scientific and rational development of fertilization strategies in the main mango producing areas of Lingshui. The soil samples and fruit samples collected from the 0-20 cm and 20-40 cm soil layers of the mango orchards in the main mango producing areas of Lingshui were analyzed by nutrient analysis. Through the method of multiple stepwise regression and linear programming, the nutrient optimization scheme of the orchard was pH 6.01-6.85, organic matter 20-25.22 g/kg, alkaline nitrogen ≥ 90 mg/kg, available phosphorus 22.15- 40 mg/kg, available potassium ≥ 100 mg/kg, exchange calcium ≥ 1 800 mg/kg, exchange magnesium 100-144.15 mg/kg, available sulfur ≥ 16 mg/kg, available iron≥4.5-20 mg/kg, available manganese ≥ 30 mg/kg, available copper 0.2-1.03 mg/kg, available boron 0.5-2 mg/kg. The soil organic matter, nitrogen, boron effective level of active sulfur, active calcium, magnesium effective are generally low, and most pH are not suitable for mango planting. More organic fertilizer with nitrogen, boron, sulfur, calcium, magnesium added are recommended. The fertilizer should be mainly applied as basal. The fertilization should be based on the fertility balance of different orchards , and trace elements should be applied in critical physiological periods.

关 键 词：陵水 芒果园 土壤养分 果实矿质养分 多元分析 

分 类 号：S667.7[农业科学—果树学]