雾霾对高校学生主要活动场所空气微生物浓度的影响  

Influence of haze on air microbial concentrations in the student activity areas

作　　者：张宏馨[1,2] 化轶男 刘欢 卢淑兰[3] ZHANG Hongxin;HUA Yinan;LIU Hnan;LU Shulan(Medical Comprehensive Experimental Center of Hebei University, Baoding 071000, Hebei Province, China)

机构地区：[1]河北大学医学综合实验中心,保定071000 [2]河北大学公共卫生学院 [3]河北省荣军医院

出　　处：《中国学校卫生》2018年第4期592-594,共3页Chinese Journal of School Health

基　　金：河北省卫计委医学重点项目(20170189);河北大学医学专科专项资金项目(2014A2001);河北大学校内引进人才科研启动项目(2014-284)

摘　　要：目的了解雾霾对校园环境空气中微生物分布的影响,为校园环境卫生治理、疾病防控及个人防护提供实验数据。方法抽取河北大学医学部室外(医苑广场、医苑路、操场)和室内(食堂、教室、学生宿舍)等6个人员主要活动场所,在无雾霾、轻度雾霾、中度雾霾及重度雾霾天气状况下按自然沉降法分别采样,测定空气中细菌和霉菌菌落总数。结果中度和重度雾霾天气时室外空气中细菌、霉菌菌落总数均高于室内(P值均<0.05)。室外各采样点细菌、霉菌总数均随雾霾程度加重而升高,其中医苑路升高最为显著(P值均<0.05);室内各采样点除学生宿舍内细菌、霉菌浓度在重度雾霾天高于其他天气状况外,食堂、教室随天气变化不明显(P值均>0.05)。结论雾霾程度加重时校园室外空气中细菌、霉菌菌落总数均随之升高,而室内空气微生物浓度与雾霾程度关联较小。Objective To understand the effect of haze on the distribution of microorganisms in the campus environments,and to provide basic information for environment improvement,disease prevention and control,as well as personal protections against haze. Methods Six core students activity areas were selected from a university in Baoding city,China,including a main road,a plaza,the only playground,a cafeteria,a classrooms and a dormitory. The total number of bacterial and fungal in the air were measured through sampling respectively in those places with the natural sedimentation method. The weather conditions have been divided into 4 degrees,including no haze pollution,mild haze pollution,moderate haze pollution and severe haze pollution.Results The concentrations of bacteria and fungus increased with the degrees of haze pollution in outdoor sampling areas,among which the main road had the highest impact. The concentrations of bacteria and fungus in the indoor sampling sites were not increased obviously with the increasing haze levels,but that in the dormitory was increased significantly（ P〈0.05）. The bacterial concentrations outdoor were significantly higher than those of the indoor in moderate haze and severe haze days（ P 〈 0. 05）; the fungal concentrations outdoor were significantly higher than that of the indoor in severe haze days（ P〉0.05）. Conclusion When the haze degree is more serious,the concentrations of bacteria and fungus in the outdoor environment of the campus were increased,but those of the indoor didn’t change obviously.

关 键 词：环境污染 空气微生物学 公共卫生 学生 

分 类 号：P427.122[天文地球—大气科学及气象学] Q93[生物学—微生物学]