南京12～16岁儿童青少年行为问题现状及相关因素  

Prevalence and related factors of behavioral problems among adolescents aged 12–16 years in Nanjing city

作　　者：徐静[1] 储康康[1] 徐斌 张久平[1] 王晨阳[1] 刘青香[1] 谷力 柯晓燕[1] XU Jing;CHU Kang-kang;XU Bin;et al(Research Center for Child Mental Health, Affiliated Brain Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province 210029, China)

机构地区：[1]南京医科大学附属脑科医院儿童心理卫生研究中心,江苏210029 [2]南京教师培训中心

出　　处：《中国公共卫生》2018年第4期489-492,共4页Chinese Journal of Public Health

基　　金：国家科技支撑计划重大精神疾病防治关键技术研究(2012BAI01B00)

摘　　要：目的调查江苏省南京市12~16岁儿童青少年行为问题发生率及其相关影响因素,为开展儿童心理卫生工作提供依据。方法于2014年3—5月,采用Achenbach儿童行为量表(CBCL)和自编相关因素调查表对南京市2 339名12~16岁儿童进行调查,应用逻辑回归分析影响儿童行为因素。结果儿童行为问题总体阳性检出率为17.6%,其中男生为18.5%,女生为16.8%;逻辑回归分析显示,暴力型家庭教养方式(OR=3.776,95%CI=1.436~9.930)是儿童行为问题的危险因素,而母乳型喂养方式(OR=0.611,95%CI=0.448~0.833)、较同龄儿发育无差别(OR=0.446,95%CI=0.268~0.743)或发育好(OR=0.511,95%CI=0.285~0.917)、学习成绩非常好(OR=0.261,95%CI=0.073~0.935)、民主型教养方式(OR=0.485,95%CI=0.371~0.633)为儿童行为问题的保护因素。结论南京市儿童青少年行为问题发生率较高,家庭和学校环境中的多种因素与儿童行为问题有关,应采取综合措施预防儿童行为问题发生。Objective To investigate the prevalence and related factors of behavioral problems among adolescents aged 12-16 years in Nanjing city of Jiangsu province, and to provide references for improving mental health of adolescents.Methods A survey was conducted among 2 339 school students aged 12-16 years in Nanjing city with the Achenbach Child Behavior Checklist （CBCL） and a self-designed questionnaire on associated factors between March and May 2014. Logistic regression analysis was applied to analyze factors of behavior problems.Results The overall detection rate of behavioral problems among the students was 17.6% and the rate was 18.5% and 16.8% among the male and female students. The results of logistic regression analysis showed that violent parenting style （odds ratio[OR]=3.776, 95% confidence interval[95% CI]=1.436-9.930） was a risk factor for behavioral problems in the students; breastfeeding （OR=0.611,95% CI=0.448-0.833）, normal （OR=0.446,95% CI=0.268-0.743） or better （OR=0.511,95% CI=0.285-0.917） development status, very good at academic performance （OR=0.261,95% CI=0.073-0.935）, and democratic rearing style （OR=0.485,95% CI=0.371-0.633） were protective factors against behavior problems in the students.Conclusion The prevalence of behavioral problems was high and influenced by a variety of familial and social environment factors among adolescent students in Nanjing city. The results suggest that comprehensive measures should be taken to prevent behavioral problems among the students.

关 键 词：儿童青少年 行为问题 环境因素 

分 类 号：R179[医药卫生—妇幼卫生保健]