婴幼儿毛细支气管炎中人博卡病毒感染及其临床特征分析  

Clinical characteristics of bocavirus infection in children with bronchiolitis

作　　者：梁譞 张蓉芳[1] 谢志萍[3] 高寒春[3] 段招军[3] 刘东海[1,2] Liang Xuan;Zhang Rongfang;Xie Zhiping;Gao Hanchun;Duan Zhaojan;Liu Donghai(Children＇s Asthma Center, Gansu Provincial Maternity and Children Health Care Hospital, Lanzhou,730050, Chin;Gansu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine ,Lanzhou ,730000, China （ Liang X, Liu DH;National Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Belting 100052, Chin)

机构地区：[1]甘肃省妇幼保健院儿童哮喘中心,兰州730050 [2]甘肃中医药大学,兰州730000 [3]中国疾病预防控制中心病毒病预防控制所,北京100052

出　　处：《中华实验和临床病毒学杂志》2018年第2期187-190,共4页Chinese Journal of Experimental and Clinical Virology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金（81260001）

摘　　要：目的了解婴幼儿毛细支气管炎中人博卡病毒（HBoV）的感染状况，比较HBoV与呼吸道合胞病毒（RSV）单一检出的毛细支气管炎的临床特征。方法选择2015年01月至2016年12月甘肃省妇幼保健院儿童哮喘中心收治的396例毛细支气管炎患儿，采集纳入患儿住院当日鼻咽抽吸物标本2份，1份提取病毒核酸，采用巢式聚合酶链反应（Nested-PCR）和反转录-聚合酶链反应（RT-PCR）检测HBoV、RSV及其他常见6种呼吸道病毒，另1份行细菌及真菌培养，且采集相应患儿血液标本进行肺炎支原体及肺炎衣原体抗体检测，分析比较HBoV和RSV感染情况及临床特征。结果396例标本中病毒检测阳性者212例，阳性检出率53.54%；HBoV及RSV检出阳性率分别为9.84%、24.49%；单纯HBoV感染29例，单纯RSV感染86例，5例为HBoV与RSV合并感染。39例HBoV感染患儿中男性27例，男性较女性检出率高（P〈0.05）。HBoV阳性检出率在各年龄段患儿的差异有统计学意义（P〈0.05），6～12月阳性检出率最高。HBoV感染检出最高峰在2015年11月。与RSV感染相比，单一检出HBoV的毛支组更易出现呕吐、腹泻（P〈0.05），但气促、发绀、呼吸困难、低氧血症的临床症状发生率以及喘息时间、住院时间均低于RSV组（P〈0.05）。HBoV较RSV感染患儿胸片肺气肿影相对多见（P〈0.05）；实质病变少见（P〈0.05）。结论HBoV可能是引起婴幼儿毛细支气管炎的病毒病原之一；单一检出HBoV的毛细支气管炎组和RSV组具有相似的临床特征，但HBoV感染患儿病情可能较RSV轻。Objective To investigate the human bocavirus （HBoV） infection in the children diagnosed with brochiolitis, ineomparison with the clinical characteristics of bronchiolitis of HBoV vs. respiratory syncytial virus （RSV） infection alone. Methods A total of 396 throat swabs were obtained from children diagnosed with bronchiolitis from January 2015 to December 2016 in Pediatric Asthma Center of Gansu Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital, Lanzhou. Specimens were tested for the nucleic acids of HBoV, RSV and other 6 common respiratory viruses by nested-polymerase chain reaction （nested PCR ） and reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction （RT-PCR）, and the epidemic status, clinical characteristics of HBoV and RSV were analyzed and compared with each other. Results The positive rate ofvirus infection was 53.54% , and HBoV and RSV infections were 9.84% and 24.49% in 396 cases. The numbers of cases of HBoV single infection, RSV single infection, HBoV and RSV mixed infection were 29, 86 and 5. The number of boys infected with HBoV was 27. There was statistical significance in the difference between the genders. The statistical significance also existed in difference of age. The babies at ages ranging from 6 to 12 months had the hifgest positive rate. The first incidence peak of the infection of HBoV was in October 2015. The children with HBoV infection, compared with RSV patients, presented more often with vomiting, diarrhea （ P 〈 0.05） , while symptoms such as the occurrence of dyspnea, hypoxemia and the hospitalization time were all lower. Conclusions HBoV is one of the possible causes of brochiolitis in infants, its infection distributed over the whole year. The clinical symptoms, laboratory and radio-graphic changes are similar between the HBoV and RSV infections, the only difference was that the HBoV infection was comparatively mild.

关 键 词：人博卡病毒 毛细支气管炎 婴幼儿 感染 临床特征 

分 类 号：R440[医药卫生—诊断学] R725.6[医药卫生—临床医学]