2017年新疆乌鲁木齐市6所三甲医院女性医务人员慢性病患病情况与职业紧张因素的调查  

Correlation between prevalence of chronic diseases and occupational stress among female medical workers in six grade-A tertiary hospitals in Urumqi of Xinjiang in 2017

作　　者：陈珍 努尔比亚木.艾合提 木亚沙尔.吾吉 郭鑫嵘 李榕[1] CHEN Zhen;NUERBIYA MU＇Aiheti;MUYA SHA ER Wuji;G UO Xin-rong;LI Rong(College of Public Health ,Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi Xinjiang, 830011, China)

机构地区：[1]新疆医科大学公共卫生学院,新疆乌鲁木齐830011

出　　处：《职业与健康》2018年第6期728-732,共5页Occupation and Health

基　　金：新疆维吾尔自治区创新环境(人才;基地)建设专项-自然科学基金(2017D01C182)

摘　　要：目的调查新疆乌鲁木齐市6所三甲医院女性医务人员的慢性病患病情况与职业紧张水平,为提高女性医务人员的生命质量提出科学的干预措施和防治对策。方法采用整群抽样的方法,抽取新疆乌鲁木齐市6所三甲医院1 069名女性医务人员为研究对象,通过慢性非传染性疾病及其行为危险因素问卷和工作紧张测量问卷(JSS60)调查其慢性病患病情况和职业紧张水平。结果女性医务人员在工作紧张、工作压力及组织支持缺乏的得分随紧张程度的增加而增加,且在不同紧张程度下差异具有统计学意义(P<0.01);低度紧张的女性医务人员占25.60%(274人),中度紧张占50.80%(543人),高度紧张占23.57%(252人);年龄、民族、文化程度、工作年限、科室、睡眠质量、夜班频率及是否参加体育锻炼因素在职业紧张水平方面差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。慢性非传染性疾病的患病率位居前四位的是颈腰部疾病(296人,27.69%)、慢性消化系统疾病(234人,21.89%)、高血压(214人,20.02%)和骨关节疾病(92人,8.61%);其中女性医务人员在高血压、糖尿病、颈腰部疾病、慢性消化系统疾病和精神疾病的患病情况在不同紧张程度下差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),进一步分析发现,随着工作紧张频度和工作压力指数的增加,慢性病患病的风险也随之增加,其OR(95%CI)分别为1.048(1.014~1.048)和1.002(1.001~1.003)。结论此次调查的6所三甲医院女性医务人员职业紧张水平和慢性病患病情况不容乐观,相关部门应采取积极有效地措施进行干预,提高三甲医院女性员工的生命质量,更好的服务于社会的医疗事业。[Obje ctive]To investigate the prevalence of chronic diseases and level of occupational stress among female medical workers in six grade-A tertiary hospitals in Urumqi of Xinjiang,provide the scientific intervention measures and countermeasures for improving the quality of life of female medical staff.[Methods]Using the cluster sampling method,1 069 female medical workers were collected from grade-A tertiary hospitals in Urumqi of Xinjiang. The prevalence of chronic diseases and level of occupational stress among them were investigated by the questionnaire on chronic non communicable diseases and behavioral risk factors and the Job stress survey（JSS 60）.[Results]The scores of job stress,working pressure and lack of organizational support among female medical workers from six grade-A tertiary hospitals in Urumqi of Xinjiang increased with the degree of stress,and differences in scores were statistically significant among different levels of occupational stress（P0.01）. There were 274 female medical workers with low occupational stress,543 with moderate stress and 252 with high occupational stress,which accounted for 25.60%,50.80%and 23.57%,respectively. The differences in levels of occupational stress were statistically significant among different groups of age,nationality,education,work experience,department,quality of sleep,night shift frequency and whether to participate in physical exercise（P 0.05）. The top four chronic non infectious diseases with highest prevalence rate were cervical lumbar disease（296/27.69%）,chronic diseases of the digestive system（234/21.89%）,hypertension（214/20.02%）,and bone joint disease（92/8.61%）.There were statistically significant differences in prevalence of hypertension,diabetes,cervical and lumbar diseases,chronic diseases of the digestive system and mental illness among groups in different levels of occupational stress（P0.05）. The further study showed that the risk of chronic disease increased with increase of job stress and working pressure index,a

关 键 词：女性医务人员 慢性病 职业紧张 新疆 

分 类 号：R181.31[医药卫生—流行病学]