含氮碳微米管电极材料的制备及在电容器中的应用  

Preparation and Properties of N-Doped Carbon Microtubes as the Electrode Material in Electrochemical Capacitor

作　　者：杨东生[1] 王磊 陈玲 周晋雅 冯炜[1] 张建会[1] YANG Dongsheng;WANG Lei;CHEN Ling;ZHOU Jinya;FENG Wei;ZHANG Jianhui(Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Zhuhai College of Jilin University, Zhuhai 519041, China;Eternal Chemical（Guangdong） Co., Ltd., Zhuhai 519050, China)

机构地区：[1]吉林大学珠海学院化学与药学系,珠海519041 [2]长兴化学工业(广东)有限公司,珠海519050

出　　处：《高等学校化学学报》2018年第5期1055-1062,共8页Chemical Journal of Chinese Universities

摘　　要：以天然生物质芦花为原料,采用直接碳化和化学活化碳化2种方法在不同碳化温度下制备了一系列含氮碳微米管材料.对优选的化学活化的JJCZH-750(即碳化温度750℃并经HCl除杂的样品)含氮碳微米管进行了X射线衍射、红外光谱、拉曼光谱、扫描电子显微镜、透射电子显微镜、热重分析、X射线光电子能谱、N_2吸附-脱附及电化学性能表征.测试结果显示,样品的碳含量为94.36%(质量分数),氮含量为1.24%(质量分数),并且显示出部分石墨化的趋势;样品具有很高的热稳定性(400℃前失重5%);样品的管壁具有以微孔为主(峰值在1.2 nm)并伴有介孔的特征;JJCZH-750的比电容值达170 F/g,经过5000周循环伏安法测试后,比电容值仍保持在153 F/g.A series of N-doped carbon microtubes was prepared by using Reed catkins as the precursor and with both direct carbonization and chemical activation methods at different temperatures. The chemical activation method is more efficient,simpler and cost less compared to the traditional preparation method of N-doped carbon microtubes. The chemical activation material JJCZH-750（ JJ stands for Reed catkins,Z stands for Zinc chloride,C stands for carbonization and 750 the optimized temperature） was optimized. The carbon microtubes were characterized by X-ray diffraction,infrared spectroscopy,Raman spectroscopy,scanning electron microscopy,transmission electron microscopy,thermogravimetric analysis（ TGA）,X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy,N2 adsorption-desorption analysis,and electrochemical measurements. The results show that carbon accounts for 94.36%（ mass fraction） and nitrogen accounts for 1. 24%（ mass fraction） of the sample,which shows a tendency to exist as graphite. TGA analysis of the samples indicates a high thermal stability with a mass loss lower than 5% below 400 ℃. N2 sorption isotherms show that the samples is predominantly microporous（ peak1. 2 nm） and occasionally mesoporous. Electrochemical measurements suggest that Reed catkins-based JJCZH-750 carbon microtubes have a specific capacitance up to 170 F/g,which remains at 153 F/g after 5000 cycles in a voltammetry test,showing a potential as electrode material in electrochemical capacitors.

关 键 词：生物质碳化 含氮碳微米管 芦花 电容器 

分 类 号：O646[理学—物理化学] O613.71[理学—化学]