城乡基础教育设施空间可达性评价——以淄博市为例  

Spatial accessibility evaluation of urban and rural basic education facilities: A case study on Zibo

作　　者：孙雯雯[1] Sun Wenwen(Sehool of Architecture and Urban Planning, Shandong Jianzhu University, Jinan 250101, China)

机构地区：[1]山东建筑大学建筑城规学院,山东济南250101

出　　处：《山东建筑大学学报》2018年第1期39-45,70,共8页Journal of Shandong Jianzhu University

基　　金：山东省社会科学规划研究资助项目(14CSHJ09)

摘　　要：基础教育设施的空间可达性是评价其公平布局与否的重要指标,对于基础教育设施的均衡化发展具有重要的现实意义。文章基于GIS技术,阐述了基础教育设施的内涵,选取了基础教育设施空间可达性评价的测度方法;通过对淄博市小学学区和居民点统计分析,总结出淄博市基础教育设施的基本特征;利用基于时空阻隔和供需比例的计算方法分别从交通距离、交通时间、供需关系、有效供需4个方面对淄博市基础教育设施的空间可达性进行评价,并制作专题地图。结果表明:中心城区交通可达性优于村、镇地区;道路交通条件差异使得交通可达性优劣势地域差异进一步拉大;中心城区供需可达性低,村、镇地域两极分化;优质基础教育设施的非均衡分布是中心城区供需可达性低的主要原因。Space accessibility of basic education facilities is an important indicator of evaluating its fair distribution. It is significant for the equalization of basic education facilities development to study the space accessibility of the urban and rural basic education facilities. First of all,the paper defines the concept of the basic educational facility,and then confirms the basic education facilities spatial accessibility evaluation measure. With the data collection and statistical analysis on the school district of elementary schools and the settlements in Zibo,it summarizes the basic characteristics of the basic educational facilities in Zibo city,and measures spatial accessibility to urban and rural basic education facilities in Zibo by space-time block and supply-demand ratio calculation method from the transportation distance,transportation time,supply and demand relations and the effective supply and demand of education facilities respectively based on GIS. The results show that the central city traffic accessibility is superior to the village and town area. Traffic condition difference further widenes the advantages and disadvantages in the traffic accessibility of regional differences. Central city accessibility of supply and demand is low,and village and town regional is polarized. The main causes of low accessibility of supply and demand in central city is the unbalanced distribution of the high quality basic education facilities.

关 键 词：基础教育设施 空间可达性 GIS技术 

分 类 号：TU996[建筑科学—供热、供燃气、通风及空调工程]