蚕丝改性方法概述  

Review on Methods for Silk Modification

作　　者：王嘉禾 王淑娟 夏嘉豪 许华平[2] WANG Jia-He;WANG Shu-Juan;XIA Jia-Hao;XU Hua-Ping(Beijing 101 Middle School, Beijing 100091, China;Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China)

机构地区：[1]北京市第一零一中学,北京100091 [2]清华大学化学系,北京100084

出　　处：《化学教育（中英文）》2018年第10期1-4,共4页Chinese Journal of Chemical Education

摘　　要：天然的蚕丝具有独特的优良性能，但同时也存在性能缺陷，如力学性能（拉伸强度与韧性）差，使用时间短以及色牢度差等。科学家们发展了蚕丝的改性技术，改良蚕丝的性能以达到更好的应用目的。目前常用的蚕丝改性方法主要分为基因改性方法、物理改性法、化学改性法及添食育蚕法等。概述了蚕丝的结构与改性的原理，介绍了4类改性法及其近年来取得的重要进展，总结了目前蚕丝改性研究中的难点，展望了蚕丝改性研究的未来发展方向。Although the natural silk has good and unique performance, there are several physical defects, such as poor mechanical properties （tensile strength and toughness）, short life time and poor color fastness. Scientists have developed new technologies of silk modifications to improve their performance and achieve better applications. At present, the commonly used methods of silk modifications mainly include gene modification method, physical method, chemical method, and feeding method. In this short review, firstly, the structure of silk and their modification principle are summarized, and then the important progress made in recent years on the four kinds of modification methods are introduced. Finally, the challenges on modified silk field and the future development are prospected.

关 键 词：蚕丝 结构 改性基因改性法 物理改性法 化学改性法 添食育蚕法 

分 类 号：TS102.33[轻工技术与工程—纺织工程]