百里香、欧芹和熏衣草水苏提取物对四纹豆象成虫的生物活性  

Biological activities of Thymus vulgaris,Petroselinum sativum and Stachys lavandulifolia extracts against adult Callosobruchus maculatus (Coleoptera: Bruchidae)

作　　者：Fahimeh HAMIDI Ali MEHRVAR Naser EIVAZIAN KARY Hassan VALIZADEH Fahimeh HAMIDI;Ali MEHRVAR;Naser EIVAZIAN KARY;Hassan VALIZADEH(Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agriculture, Azarbaijan Shahid Madani University, P. O. Box 5375171379, Tabriz, Iran;Department of Chemistry, Facuhy of Basic Sciences, Azarbaijan Shahid Madani University, P. O. Box 5375171379, Tabriz, Iran)

机构地区：[1]Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agriculture, Azarbaijan Shahid Madani University, Po. Box. 5375171379, Tabriz, Iran [2]Department of Chemistry, Facuhy of Basic Sciences, Azarbaijan Shahid Madani University, P. O. Box 5375171379, Tabriz, Ir

出　　处：《昆虫学报》2018年第3期331-339,共9页Acta Entomologica Sinica

摘　　要：【目的】植物次生代谢物对不同类害虫的影响程度如得以详细研究,则它们可能有望成为化学杀虫剂的合适替代物。本研究旨在评价溶剂极性对不同植物提取物杀虫活性的可能影响。【方法】从极性不同的化合物正己烷、乙酸乙酯和甲醇中选择提取溶剂。于28±2℃、相对湿度50%±5%、光周期16L∶8D条件下评价欧芹Petroselinum sativum种子提取物以及百里香Thymus vulgaris和熏衣草水苏Stachys lavandulifolia茎叶提取物对四纹豆象Callosobruchus maculatus成虫的致死效果,并评价其杀卵和产卵忌避效果。【结果】在对四纹豆象成虫的触杀毒性中,百里香正己烷提取物(0.05 g/m L)的LC50值最低,其次是乙酸乙酯和甲醇提取物。百里香的乙酸乙酯提取物对四纹豆象成虫的LT50值最低(10.04 h),在所有提取物中相对击倒速度指数最高(42.23%)。在对成虫的触杀毒性中,LC20和LC50浓度的所有提取物都具有100%的杀卵活性。熏衣草水苏的甲醇提取物对四纹豆象成虫具有最高的产卵忌避活性(97.54%)。【结论】本研究结果得出,百里香、欧芹和熏衣草水苏提取物对四纹豆象成虫具有明显的杀虫和杀卵毒性,并对其具有产卵忌避性。不过,非极性(正己烷)提取物的性能更佳。【Aim】Plants secondary metabolites are potentially considered as suitable alternatives for chemical pesticides if their extents of impacts were well studied earlier on different groups of pests. This study aims to evaluate the possible impacts of solvent polarity on the insecticidal activity of different plant extracts.【Methods】The extraction solvents were selected from a wide range of polarities,n-hexane,ethyl acetate and methanol. The lethal effects of Petroselinum sativum seed extracts as well as Thymus vulgaris and Stachys lavandulifolia shoot extracts on Callosobruchus maculatus adults at 28 ± 2℃,50% ± 5% RH and a photoperiod of 16 L∶ 8 D were evaluated,and their ovicidal and oviposition deterrence effects were also evaluated. 【Results】The lowest LC50 value for contact toxicity to C. maculatus adults was associated with the n-hexane extract of T.vulgaris（ 0. 05 g/m L） following with the ethyl acetate and methanol extracts,respectively. The ethyl acetate extract of T. vulgaris had the lowest LT50 value（ 10. 04 h）,with the highest relative speed of kill index（ 42. 23%） among all the extracts. All of the extracts at LC20 and LC50 concentrations resulted in 100% ovicidal activity in contact toxicity to C. maculatus adults. In terms of oviposition deterrence,the methanol extract of S.lavandulifolia had the highest deterrence activity（ 97. 54%）. 【Conclusion 】 Based on the results,it is concluded that T. vulgaris,P. sativum and S. lavandulifolia extracts show significant performances in terms of insecticidal and ovicidal toxicities as well as oviposition deterrence against C. maculatus adults. However,nonpolar（ n-hexane） extracts of the studied plants show better performances in comparison with other extracts.

关 键 词：四纹豆象 植物源杀虫剂 溶剂 粗提物 生物活性 

分 类 号：Q965.9[生物学—昆虫学]