含汞气田废水净化分离出的固体残渣汞形态分析  

Speciation Analysis of Mercury in Solid Residue From Purification Process of Mercury-laden Gas Field Wastewater

作　　者：王淑英[1] 唐楚寒 严启团[1] 韩中喜[1] 马吉龙 李森 WANG Shu-ying;TANG Chu-han;YAN Qi-tuan;HAN Zhong-xi;MA Ji-long;LI Sen(Langfang Branch of Research Institute of Petroleum Exploration and Development of China, Hebei Langfang 065007, China;Guizhou Merit Environmental Technology Co.,Ltd., Guizhou Guiyang 550001, China;XinJiang Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xinjiang Urumchi 830011, China)

机构地区：[1]中国石油勘探开发研究院廊坊分院,河北廊坊065007 [2]贵州美瑞特环保科技有限公司,贵州贵阳550001 [3]中国科学院新疆理化技术研究所,新疆乌鲁木齐830011

出　　处：《当代化工》2018年第4期761-763,767,共4页Contemporary Chemical Industry

摘　　要：随着《水俣公约》对我国于2017年8月16日正式生效,以及政府和社会对环境保护的日益重视,含汞气田开采过程中产生的含汞废水治理与排放受到了越来越多的关注。含汞废水不经处理可能会影响气田正常生产、损坏生态环境,并危害现场人员的健康。在处理过程中水中含有的各类可溶性汞污染物会随固体残渣被分离,分离出的这类含汞固体残渣经毒性浸出试验鉴定后通常属于危物。通过对其中各汞形态进行分析,可为气田含汞危废无害化处置选择合适的脱汞技术,同时为气田汞污染防治提供基础理论依据。目前国内外对固相中汞形态的分析方法主要有色谱法、原子吸收光谱法(AAS)、毛细管电泳法、电化学分析法、原子荧光光谱法(AFS)等。主要介绍了气相色谱与原子荧光联用法、高效连续萃取离心分离技术与冷原子吸收测汞仪联用法对含汞气田废水净化过程分离出的固体残渣中汞形态进行分析。With the ＂Minamata Convention＂ officially coming into force on August 16, 2017 in China and the increasing attention paid to the environmental protection, the mercury pollution in the natural gas generation water has been paid attention to by the government and the society, because the gas field water containing mercury may destroy the ecological environment, affect the normal production and cause a damage to the health of operating personnel. Under normal conditions, gas field water carries solid residues generated in the exploitation process of natural gas. When the gas field water goes through a filter separator, the solid residues will be separated, and the solid residues containing mercury are a kind of hazardous waste. The morphological analysis of mercury in the solid residues is not only helpful to choose a suitable demercuration processing technology for the solid residues from gas field water, but also can provide a basis for the prevention and protection of mercury pollution of gas field. At present, the analysis methods of mercury form in solid phase at home and abroad mainly include chromatography, atomic absorption spectrometry（AAS）, atomic fluorescence spectrometry（AFS）, electrochemical analysis, capillary electrophoresis method, etc. In this paper, a combined method of gas chromatography and atomic fluorescence, high-efficiency continuous extraction centrifugal separation technology, cold atomic absorption mercury meter was mainly introduced; its application in speciation analysis of mercury in solid residues of gas field water was discussed.

关 键 词：天然气 汞 气田废水 含汞固体残渣 汞形态 

分 类 号：X832[环境科学与工程—环境工程]