近30年来黄河三角洲植被净初级生产力时空特征及主要影响因素  

Spatio-temporal characteristics and main influencing factors of vegetation net primary productivity in the Yellow River Delta in recent 30 years

作　　者：池源[1,2] 石洪华 孙景宽[3] 李捷 杨帆[4] 付战勇[3] CHI Yuan;SHI Honghua;SUN Jingkuan;LI Jie;YANG Fan;FU Zhanyong(The First Institute of Oceanography, State Oceanic Administration, Qingdao 266061, China;Laboratory for Marine Geology, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao 266061, China;Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Eco-Environmental Science for Yellow River Delta, Binzhou University, Binzhou 256603, China;School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Qingdao University of Technology, Qingdao 266033, China)

机构地区：[1]国家海洋局第一海洋研究所,青岛266061 [2]青岛海洋科学与技术国家实验室海洋地质过程与环境功能实验室,青岛266061 [3]滨州学院山东省黄河三角洲生态环境重点实验室,滨州256603 [4]青岛理工大学环境与市政工程学院,青岛266033

出　　处：《生态学报》2018年第8期2683-2697,共15页Acta Ecologica Sinica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(51779048;41701214);中国-东盟海上合作基金东亚海洋合作平台项目(YZ0416003);海洋公益性行业科研专项(201505012;201505001)

摘　　要：我国拥有丰富的海岸带蓝色碳汇,准确把握海岸带蓝碳生态系统净初级生产力(NPP)状况,辨识不同人为干扰下蓝碳生态系统NPP的时空分布特征具有重要意义。以黄河三角洲为研究区,以近30a(1987年、1995年、2005年、2016—2017年)为时间尺度,通过遥感手段和现场调查,对黄河三角洲NPP时空变化特征及其主要影响因素进行研究。结果显示:(1)近30年来研究区NPP均值和总量呈现先下降又略微增长的特征,2016—2017年度NPP平均值为294.38g C m^(-2)a^(-1),总量为710.05Gg C/a,表现出显著的季节差异。(2)研究区NPP在各行政区、保护区和地表覆盖类型中均表现出了明显的空间分异性;2016—2017年度NPP分区结果显示,不同分区面积由大到小依次为中生产力区(49.5%)、低生产力区(38.3%)和高生产力区(12.1%)。(3)研究区NPP的时空分异性是地表覆盖类型和植被生长状况共同影响的结果,海陆交互作用、开发利用活动和近年来的生态建设是NPP时空变化的主要影响因素。(4)湿地植被和农田是研究区碳汇的主要贡献者,20世纪90年代以来二者NPP均值逐渐上升,在2016—2016年度分别达570.28g C m^(-2)a^(-1)和335.92g C m^(-2)a^(-1);近30年来,湿地植被NPP总量逐渐减少,农田NPP总量则逐渐增加。湿地植被是海岸带蓝碳的典型载体,农田作为位于滨海地区、由湿地植被转化而来、本身具有较高固碳能力和潜力的碳汇类型,可作为海岸带蓝碳的重要补充。Salt marsh vegetation, mangrove, and sea grass in coastal areas are highly efficient carbon sinks; the carbon sequestrated by these is described as coastal blue carbon and their ecosystems are described as coastal blue carbon ecosystems. The coastline of China is long and the coastal blue carbon ecosystems are widely distributed. With rapid development of economy and consistent increase in CO2 emission, exploring the potential of coastal blue carbon has become an important way to increase the carbon sink and decrease the pressure of CO2 emission. It is of great significance to identify the temporal and spatial characteristics of net primary productivity （NPP） in coastal blue carbon ecosystems under various and complex anthropogenic disturbances. The study was conducted in the Yellow River Delta, and the recent 30 years （ 1987, 1995, 2005 and 2016-2017） was used as the time scale for analysis. The spatio-temporal characteristics and main influencing factors were analyzed using data from remote sensing and field investigations. The results indicated that： The mean value and total amount of NPP decreased first and then increased slightly during the recent 30 years, and the mean values of NPP in the summer of 1987, 1995, 2005, and 2016 were 94.93, 63.90, 64.56, and 69.54g C m^-2 month-1, respectively. The mean value and total amount of NPP in the year 2016-2017 were 294.38g C m^-2a^-1 and 710.05Gg C/a, which showed distinct seasonal differences. Obvious spatial heterogeneity existed in different districts, nature reserves, and land cover types. Comparing the different districts, Lijin County possessed larger temporal fluctuation of NPP than the other two districts. The mean value of NPP inside natural reserves was higher than that outside the natural reserves, which was higher in the experimental zone of the nature reserve than in the buffer and core zones. Further, the mean values of NPP were similar in old and new estuaries in the year 2016--2017. Among the different land cover types, wetland vegetation p

关 键 词：海岸带蓝色碳汇 净初级生产力 时空特征 人类活动 黄河三角洲 

分 类 号：Q948[生物学—植物学]