小型水稻联合收割机旋风分离清选装置的结构优化与试验  

Structure Optimization and Experiment on Cyclone Separation-Purification Device for Small Rice Combine Harvester

作　　者：谢超[1] 刘大为[1,2] 李旭 谢方平[1,2] 王勋威 谢锦帆[1] XIE Chao;LIU Dawei;LI Xu;XIE Fangping;WANG Xunwei;XIE Jinfan(College of Engineering, Hunan Agrieultural University, Changsha 410128;Collaborative Innovation Center of Southern Chinese Grain and Oilseed, Changsha 410128, China)

机构地区：[1]湖南农业大学工学院,长沙410128 [2]南方粮油作物协同创新中心,长沙410128

出　　处：《中国农业科技导报》2018年第5期54-63,共10页Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology

基　　金：湖南省战略性新型产业攻关计划项目(2014GK1056)资助

摘　　要：旋风分离清选装置具有体积小、重量轻、结构简单等优点,现已广泛应用于小型水稻联合收割机。但其清选过程中仍存在损失率高、湿物料清选效果不佳等问题,通过对旋风分离筒内部结构进一步优化与改进,并运用Fluent 15.0软件对优化前后的分离筒内部气流场进行了比较分析。以吸杂风机转速、扬谷器转速、挡板倾斜角度为试验因素,清洁率和损失率为性能评价指标,运用三元二次正交试验方法进行了台架试验,试验结果表明:当吸杂风机转速为2 452 r/min,扬谷器转速为783.8 r/min,挡板倾斜角度为41°时,装置性能最佳,此时清洁率为98.26%,损失率为0.003 5%。对照试验结果表明:脱出物含水率越高,装置优化后性能提升效果越明显,该结果可为后期旋风分离筒结构优化设计提供参考。Cyclone cleaning device has small size, light weight and simple structure, etc. merits and has been widely used in small rice combine harvester. But there are problems like high loss rate, no ideal cleaning effect when choosing wet material in selection process, etc.. This paper further optimized and improved the inside structure of cycrong seperator; and carried out comparative analysis on the airflow field inside of scycrong seperator before and after optimization by software Fluent 15.0. Taking suction rotation rate, grain winnower rotation rate and baffle inclination angle as experimental factors, and cleaning ratio and loss rate as evaluated index, this paper operated a bench test by ternary quadratic orthogonal test method. The results indicated that when the suction rotation rate was 2 452 r/min, winnower rotation rate was 783.8 r/min and the baffle inclination angle was 41~, the device showed the best efficiency. Then the cleaning rate of the machine was 98.26%, the cleaning loss rate was 0.003 5%. The results of the controlled trial indicated that the higher rate of water content the device had, the better performance it would get. These results provided references for the optimal design of cyclone cylinder structure in the later period.

关 键 词：小型水稻收割机 结构优化 气流场仿真 清洁率 损失率 

分 类 号：S225.3[农业科学—农业机械化工程]