社区内结伴互助的老年照顾模式探究  

Study on the Elderly Care Mode of Mating Cooperation in Community

作　　者：赵立新[1] ZHAO Lixin(School of Law, Ludong University, Yantai Shandong , 264025, Chin)

机构地区：[1]鲁东大学法学院,山东烟台264025

出　　处：《人口学刊》2018年第3期103-112,共10页Population Journal

基　　金：山东省社会科学规划项目:公平视域下的多元-层级养老服务体系研究(17CSHJ03)

摘　　要：随着人口老龄化的发展,老年照顾问题日益突出。社区照顾相比家庭照顾和机构照顾有其特殊的优势,越来越受欢迎,但仍需要创新。社区照顾只有结合中国实际才能真正成为解决中国养老问题的可靠之策。社区内结伴互助照顾模式是在结合中国熟人社会、老人交往特点以及参与社会的内驱力而提出来的,是社区照顾的一种表现形式。社区内结伴互助模式是指依托社区,以吸引或者信任为基础,以感情为纽带,以自愿为前提,由老年人自己根据需要在社区朋友圈中寻觅合适伙伴并结成互助合作小组以实现快乐养老的模式。社区内结伴互助模式适用于身体健康、生活能够自理且在本区内养老的老年人,是人们按照一定程序把原始互助行为推向组织化的一种尝试。社区内结伴互助模式以互助自助的自我服务为主,成本较低;注重老年人社会参与,精神充实且富有人情味;坚持自我管理为主,有利于促进社会整合和社会资本提升;强调正式支持与非正式支持相结合,可以有效推动养老服务多元化发展,完善养老服务体系。社区内结伴互助模式与国家的社会服务政策导向相吻合,符合政府关于社区治理和老龄工作发展方向,中国社会特有的重人情重关系的文化理念以及熟人社区的内在约束力又为发展社区内结伴互助模式创造了条件,近些年来国内开展的互助养老服务实践更为其提供了经验,因而发展社区内结伴互助的老年照顾模式具有可行性。With the development of population aging,the elderly care problems have become increasingly prominent. Compared with family care and institutional care,community care has its special advantages,becoming more and more popular,but it still needs to be improved. Only the combination with Chinese reality can community care become a reliable solution to the actual China pension problems. The mating cooperation mode in community is proposed in combination with Chinese old acquaintance society,the character of elderly connection and the internal driving force of joining society,as a form of community care in the community. The mutual model is relying on the community,in order to attract or trust,based on emotion,as the link to the voluntary premise,according to their needs by the elderly in the community of friends circle in the search for a suitable partner,and form a group of mutual cooperation in order to achieve happiness in the community. With mutual mode applying to elderly who are healthy,take care of themselves and live out their lives in the retirement in the district is an attempt to organize the original mutual aid behavior according to certain procedures. The mutual mode in the community based on mutual self-help service costs low;and it pays attention to social participation of the elderly,enrich the human spirit;adhere to the self management,is conducive to promoting social integration and social capital;emphasis on formal support and informal support combination,can effectively promote the development of pension service diversification,and perfect the old-age service system. The mutual model is consistent with the national social services policy,in line with community governance and aging work development direction. Chinese culture stressing family and relations as well as the intrinsic binding force of acquaintance community and for the development of community groups in the mutual model laid the conditions for the mode,and the development of mutual aid pension service practice provides experience for it

关 键 词：社区 结伴互助 老年照顾 模式 

分 类 号：C913.7[经济管理]