学龄儿童变应性鼻炎和非变应性鼻炎3年后回访的临床特点及发生哮喘情况对比  

Clinical characteristics and prevalence of asthma in schoolchildren diagnosed with allergic rhinitis and nonallergic rhinitis 3 years after diagnosis

作　　者：黄雨 张睿欣 刘运可 张宇[1] 卫宏 孙丽红[3] HUANG Yu;ZHANG Ruixin;LIU Yunke;ZHANG Yu;WEI Hong;SUN Lihong(Guangzhou Medical University,Guangzhou 510120,China)

机构地区：[1]广州医科大学,广州510120 [2]广东省妇幼保健院,广州510050 [3]广州医科大学附属第一医院广州呼吸疾病研究所小儿呼吸组,广州510120

出　　处：《实用医学杂志》2018年第9期1491-1494,共4页The Journal of Practical Medicine

基　　金：广东省科技计划基金项目(编号:2013B022000100)

摘　　要：目的分析学龄儿童变应性鼻炎(AR)和非变应性鼻炎(NAR)3年后回访的症状特点,探讨AR和NAR儿童中哮喘和慢性咳嗽的发生情况及对生存质量的影响。方法通过对2013年9月至2014年3月门诊确诊的AR儿童146例及NAR儿童108例(均不伴慢性咳嗽和气喘)进行电话调查问卷,录入结果,以SPSS 12.0软件进行统计学分析。结果 AR组随访应答111例(76.0%),NAR组应答76例(70.4%)。AR组发生哮喘的比率13/111(11.7%)与NAR组5/76(6.6%)比较差异无统计学意义(χ~2=1.366,P=0.242)。AR组中慢性咳嗽的比率29/111(26.1%)显著高于NAR组的10/76(13.2%)(χ~2=4.596,P=0.032)。AR组发生哮喘和慢性咳嗽的总人数比率42/111(37.8%)显著高于NAR组15/76(19.7%)(χ2=6.975,P=0.008)。AR组鼻炎视觉模拟评分(VAS:2.82±1.43)和鼻结膜炎生活质量问卷总评分(RQLQ:22.21±13.76)分别显著高于NAR组的(VAS:1.89±1.64)和(RQLQ:14.60±11.21)(t=2.570和2.467,P=0.012和0.016)。结论 NAR可能和AR同样有增加儿童发展为哮喘的风险,AR发生慢性咳嗽的风险高于NAR儿童。AR对儿童生存质量的影响高于NAR。Objective To observe the clinical characteristics in schoolchildren diagnosed with allergic rhi-nitis（AR）and nonallergic rhinitis（NAR）three years ago,and to compare the prevalence of asthma and chroniccough among them and the impacts of AR and NAR on the quality of life. Methods Totally 146 AR children and108 NAR ones diagnosed between September 2013 and March 2014 were surveyed using a questionnaire by tele-phone and all the children were not complicated with chronic cough and asthma. The statistical analysis was per-formed by a professional statistician using SPSS 12.0 statistical software. Results A total of 111 questionnaireswere completed in AR group and 76 in NAR group. The prevalence of asthma was 11.7%（13/111）in AR groupwhile 6.6%（5/76）in NAR group and there was no statistically significant difference（χ^2= 1.366,P = 0.242）. Theprevalence of chronic cough was 26.1%（29/111）in AR group and 13.2%（10/76）in NAR group and there was sta-tistically significant difference（χ^2= 4.596,P = 0.032）. The score of rhinitis visual scale（VAS）and rhinoconjunc-tivitis quality of life questionnaire（RQLQ）was significant higher in AR group than that in NAR group（t = 2.570 and 2.467,P = 0.012 and 0.016）. Conclusions Children with NAR may also have the risk for the development ofasthma as those with AR. The prevalence of chronic cough is higher in children with AR than in those with NAR.AR might bring more impacts on children′s quality of life than NAR.

关 键 词：鼻炎 哮喘 学龄儿童 

分 类 号：R765.21[医药卫生—耳鼻咽喉科]