京津冀地区中小规模奶牛场隐性乳房炎状况调查  

Investigation of Current Situation and Causes of Subclinical Mastitis in Small and Medium Sized Dairy Farms in Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei Region

作　　者：张瑞强 史良玉 王迪[1] 米思远 张毅[1] 丁向东[1] 唐韶青 肖炜 俞英[1] ZHANG Rui-qiang;SHI Liang-yu;WANG Di;MI Si-yuan;ZHANG Yi;DING Xiang-dong;TANG Shao-qing;XIAO Wei;YU Ying(College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193;Beijing General Station of Animal Husbandry, Beijing 100029)

机构地区：[1]中国农业大学动物科技学院,北京100193 [2]北京市畜牧总站,北京100029

出　　处：《中国奶牛》2018年第4期65-69,共5页China Dairy Cattle

基　　金：北京市奶牛产业创新团队(BAIC06-2017);国家自然科学基金(31272420);国家奶业产业技术体系项目(CARS-37-04B);十二五国家科技支撑项目(2011BAD28B02);长江学者与创新团队发展计划(IRT1191)

摘　　要：为调查分析北京、天津及河北地区奶牛场的隐性乳房炎发病现状及病因,本研究调查收集了来自北京大兴、房山、昌平、顺义、密云、延庆6个区县及天津、河北部分地区共计41家中小规模奶牛场、1.8万余头荷斯坦牛的乳房炎相关数据。结果发现,全群500头以下的中小型牛场是京津冀地区主要奶牛养殖群体,金黄色葡萄球菌(金葡菌)和大肠杆菌是导致牛群发生乳房炎的主要致病菌;被调查牛场群体中隐性乳房炎的发病率很高,说明奶牛隐性乳房炎的防治与风险评估需要引起足够的重视;应在京津冀中小规模牛场改进隐性乳房炎判定标准(SCC由20万~50万/m L改进为10万~50万/m L),开展奶牛隐性乳房炎风险评估,并早期普查金葡菌乳房炎感染牛,从而提高奶牛群的乳房健康度和乳品质量;同时应尽早开展隐性乳房炎抗性分子标记辅助选择,为今后组建抗隐性乳房炎基础奶牛群体提供重要信息。In order to investigate and analyze the prevalence and etiology of subclinical mastitis in dairy farms in Beijing, Tianjin and Hebei region, this special survey collected from Daxing, Fangshan, Changping, Shunyi, Miyun, Yanqing 6 counties and part of Tianjin, Hebei region, a total of 41 small and medium sized dairy farm data. Results show that the whole group of 500 cattle farms in Beijing is the main dairy farming groups, and Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli are the main pathogens of mastitis in Beijing. The incidence of subclinical mastitis in the population was high, indicating that the prevention and risk assessment of dairy cow＇s subclinical mastitis needs to be paid enough attention. Based on the results of the survey, we should change the risk of subclinical mastitis criteria of SCC from 200~500 thousand/m L to 100~500 thousand/m L, carry out dairy cow subclinical mastitis risk assessment, and early screening of Staphylococcus aureus mastitis infected cattle, thereby improving mammary gland health and milk quality of dairy cows. At the same time, molecular marker assisted selection of subclinical mastitis resistance should be carried out as early as possible, which will provide important information for the establishment of the basic dairy cow population with anti-subclinical mastitis.

关 键 词：中小规模奶牛场 隐性乳房炎 金黄色葡萄球菌 分子标记 

分 类 号：S823.3[农业科学—畜牧学]