晋北冬春茬温室番茄熊蜂授粉小气候适应性分析及效果评价  

The evaluation of adaptability and efficiency of bumble bees as tomato pollinators during winter and spring under greenhouse microclimate condition in north of Shanxi province

作　　者：李效珍 鲁宇星 秦雅娟 鲁向柳 王晓鸿 王毅真 Li Xiaozhen;Lu Yuxing;Qin Yajuan;Lu Xiangliu;Wang Xiaohong;Wang Yizhen(Meteorological Bureau of Shanxi Province, Datong 037010, China;Fengzhen Meteorological Bureau of Inner Mongolia, Fengzhen 013200 , China)

机构地区：[1]大同市气象局,山西大同037010 [2]内蒙古丰镇市气象局,内蒙古丰镇013200

出　　处：《山西农业大学学报（自然科学版）》2018年第5期44-49,共6页Journal of Shanxi Agricultural University(Natural Science Edition)

基　　金：大同市科技局农业科技攻关项目(201463)

摘　　要：[目的]避免人工蘸花带来的激素污染,可以通过熊峰授粉实现。[方法]本文以阳高县冬春茬温室番茄为例,引进熊蜂为温室番茄授粉,用温室小气候监测仪获取温室数据,分析了番茄前五层花期间,熊蜂授粉小气候适应性,通过对熊蜂授粉试验棚与人工蘸花的普通棚单果重、果实形态、产量、口感、成本等方面进行对比分析。[结果]结果表明:熊蜂作为温室授粉昆虫应用在番茄上,不仅气候条件适宜,而且效果十分明显。每棚每茬(0.042hm^2)可增收节支7 150元。[结论]通过该研究,可以为熊蜂授粉研究工作积累一定有价值的数据资料。[Objective]The purpose of present study was to develop new pollinating methods to avoid the hormone pollution caused by artificial flower dipping methods.[Methods]Tomato crops which were planted in the greenhouse in Yanggao County during winter and spring were used as plant materials,and bumble bees which were purchased from insect company were introduced into greenhouse at 60 bees per unit for crop pollination.The microclimate data in the greenhouse was collected by microclimate monitors,and adaptability of bumble bees was studied during the first five flower clusters developing time.The effect of bumble bee pollination on the parameters of tomato fruits,including fruit weight,shape,yield,taste,and cost,were evaluated using traditional dipping flowers method as control treatment.[Results]The result shows that bumble bees not only easily adapted to the microclimate of greenhouse as tomato pollinators,but also produced significantly economic benefit.Roughly$7150 was saved for each greenhouse unit（0.042 acres）for every harvest.[Conclusion]The present research provided valuable data for future study on bumblebee pollination.Abstract ： [Objective] The purpose of present study was to develop new pollinating methods to avoid the hormone poilu tion caused by artificial {lower dipping methods. [Methods] Tomato crops which were planted in the greenhouse in Yanggao County during winter and spring were used as plant materials, and bumble bees which were purchased from insect company were introduced into greenhouse at 60 bees per unit for crop pollination. The microclimate data in the greenhouse was collected by microclimate monitors, and adaptability of bumble bees was studied during the first five {lower clusters developing time. The effect of bumble bee pollination on the parameters of tomato fruits, including fruit weight, shape, yield, taste, and cost, were evaluated using traditional dipping {lowers method as control treatment. [Results] The result shows that bumble bees not only easily adapted to the microclimat

关 键 词：冬春茬番茄熊蜂授粉 温室小气候适应性分析 单果重 效益分析评价 

分 类 号：S626[农业科学—园艺学]