匹拉米洞与联苯胺在血痕预实验中的灵敏性及DNA损伤检测研究  

Sensitivity performance and DNA damage of Pyramidon and Benzidine in blood strain testing

作　　者：王清山[1] 范英南[1] 宁淑华[2] 喻永敏[1] Wang qingshan;Fan yingnan;Ning shuhua;Yu yongmin(Institute of Forensic Science, Chongqing Public Secrurity Burean, Chongqing 400021, China;Jiangbei Criminal police, Chongqing Public Seerurity Burean, Chongqing 400025,China)

机构地区：[1]重庆市公安局物证鉴定中心,重庆400021 [2]重庆市公安局江北分局刑警支队,重庆400025

出　　处：《中国法医学杂志》2018年第2期180-183,共4页Chinese Journal of Forensic Medicine

基　　金：重庆市社会民生科技创新专项(cstc2015shmszx00017)

摘　　要：目的血液痕迹是暴力犯罪现场最易遗留的一类痕迹,是法医学检验中最常见和最重要的一类物证。血痕预实验是利用化学检测的方法从现场大量分布的可疑斑迹中初步筛选可能是血痕的重要方法,是法医学鉴定的重要前提。本文比较匹拉米洞法和联苯胺法的灵敏度、对DNA-STR检验的影响以及对细胞核的损伤情况,以探索匹拉米洞法应用于血痕预实验的可行性。方法对新鲜全血进行梯度稀释,观察比较检测灵敏度;利用Chelex-100提取匹拉米洞、联苯胺等试剂预检后的血痕样本中的DNA,应用PCR-STR技术及荧光检测技术检测样本的STR分型,观察STR分型结果,比较两种方法对后续DNA-STR检验的影响;在细胞培养液中加入联苯胺、匹拉米洞,应用彗星电泳技术评价细胞核DNA的损伤。结果匹拉米洞法可检测的最低血红蛋白浓度为25μg/m L,灵敏度低于联苯胺法(5μg/m L);DNA-STR有效分型率为96.67%,远高于联苯胺法(18.09%);联苯胺组彗星尾长为52.40±9.21、尾距为43.29±4.85、尾部DNA含量为16.25±2.35,显著高于匹拉米洞组。结论匹拉米洞法可用于血痕预实验,对血痕中DNA的损伤、对DNA-STR分型的影响均低于联苯胺法,可替代联苯胺作为新的法医学血痕预实验方法。Objective Blood trace and extraction is the important premising for forensic medicine appraisal reliability, this paper puts forward the blood trace and extraction method of using pyramidon. Methods Using pyramidon and benzidine to treat diluted fresh blood, and using Chelex-100 reagent treatment after the DNA in blood samples, and then applying the technology of PCR-STR and fluorescence detection test sample STR typing, observing the STR classification results and the detection sensitivity of DNA, comparing the different influence of two method on subsequent DNA - STR inspection. Results The pyramidon method can detect the minimum hemoglobin concentration is 25μg/mL, which was lower than 5μg/mL of the benzidine method. The results showed that the effective typing rate of the benzidine method was 18.09%, which was significantly lower than 96.67% of the method of the pyramidon method. The tail length of the detection group was 52.40±9.21, and the Oliva tail moment was 43.29±4.85%, and the tail intensity was 16.25±2.35, which was significantly higher than that of the pyramidon group （P 〈 0.01）. Conclusions The sensitivity of the pyramidon method is moderate, and the influence of the following STR subtype and the nuclear DNA of the sample is significantly lower than that of benzidine, which can be used in the pre-experiment of blood stain in forensic medicine.

关 键 词：法医物证学 血痕预实验 联苯胺法 匹拉米洞法 

分 类 号：D919.2[医药卫生—法医学]