泰安市3924例小学生尿液筛查及随访结果分析  

Analysis of urine screening and follow-up results of 3 924 primary school pupils in Taian

作　　者：亓学海 Qi Xuehai(Department of Pediatrics, Taian Maternal and Child Health Care Center Hospital, Taian 271000, China)

机构地区：[1]山东省泰安市妇幼保健院儿科,271000

出　　处：《临床医学》2018年第4期8-11,共4页Clinical Medicine

基　　金：泰安市科技发展计划项目(2016NS1154)~~

摘　　要：目的了解小学生尿异常情况,探讨儿童尿液筛查的意义。方法对泰安市泰山区、高新区3 924例6~13岁在校小学生晨尿样本红细胞、白细胞、尿蛋白等指标进行检测,初筛阳性者2周后进行复查,复筛阳性者进一步明确诊断并随访、统计、分析。结果参与筛查的3 924例小学生中,初筛尿液异常者522例(13.30%),男214例(5.45%),女308(7.85%)。初筛白细胞尿223例(5.68%),潜血尿211例(5.38%),蛋白尿72例(1.83%),血尿并蛋白尿16例(0.41%)。初筛阳性者2周后复查,阳性者118例(3.01%),其中男42例(1.07%),女76例(1.94%)。复查白细胞尿30例(0.77%),血尿59例(1.50%),蛋白尿17例(0.43%),血尿合并蛋白尿12例(0.31%)。女生尿液初筛、复筛阳性率和白细胞尿的发生率均高于男生,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。复查阳性118例中有94例得到进一步诊治、随访,其中尿路感染16例,急性肾炎6例,左肾静脉压迫综合征17例,紫癜性肾病8例,特发性高钙尿症5例,Ig A肾病3例,膀胱输尿管反流5例,肾积水2例,多囊肾2例,30例暂时病因不明。结论尿液筛查是早期发现儿童无症状性肾脏疾病和泌尿系統感染的有效方法,可为患儿提供早期干预时机,减少远期慢性肾病的发生。Objective To investigate the students and the significance of urine screening in prevalence of urine abnormalities among primary school children. Methods A total of 3 924 cases of 6 to13 years old pupils in Taishan district and high-tech zone in Tai＇an were tested for morning urine samples, including RBC, WBC and urine protein. The first screening positive people were reviewed after 2 weeks, and the positive ones were further diagnosed, followed up and analyzed. Results In the first screening, there were 522 cases of positive screening （13.30%）, among which 214 cases were male （5.45%） and 308 cases （7.85%） were female; there were 223 cases （5.68%） with leucocyte urine, 211 cases （5.38%） with urine occult blood, 72 cases （1.83%）with proteinuria and 16 cases （0. 41% ） with he- maturia and proteinuria. Two weeks after the reexamined in patients with positive screening, there were 118 cases （3.01%） were positive, including 42 male （1.07%） and 76 female （1.94%）. There were 30 cases with leukocyte urine （0. 76% ）, 59 cases with hematuria （ 1.50% ）, 17 cases with proteinuria （0. 43% ） and 12 cases （0. 31% ） with hematuria and proteinuria. A total of 94 in 118 cases of positive reexamination were further treated and followed up, among them, there were 16 cases of urinary tract in- fection, 6 cases of acute nephritis, 17 cases of left renal vein compression syndrome, 8 cases of purpuric nephropathy, 5 cases of idiopathic high calcium Uria, 3 cases of IgA nephropathy, 5 cases of vesical ure- teral reflux, 2 cases of hydronephrosis, 2 cases of polycystic kidney and 30 cases of unknown etiology. The positive rate of two screenings and the incidence of leukocyte in female were higher than those of the male, and the difference was significant （P 〈 0.05 ）. Conclusions Urine screening is an effective way to detect asymptomatic kidney disease and urinary tract infection in children. It can provide early inter- vention for children and reduce the incidence of long-te

关 键 词：尿液筛查 潜血尿 白细胞尿 蛋白尿 小学生 

分 类 号：R446.12[医药卫生—诊断学] R726.9[医药卫生—临床医学]