从感生到帝系:中国古史神话的轴心转折——兼谈古典神话的层累生产  

From Miraculous Conception to the Imperial Genealogy:The Axis Realignment of Ancient Chinese Mythology,with a Discussion on the Forming of Stratum Accumulation

作　　者：陈泳超[1] 

机构地区：[1]北京大学中文系

出　　处：《民俗研究》2018年第3期80-91,共12页Folklore Studies

基　　金：国家社科基金重大项目"太湖流域民间信仰类文艺资源的调查与跨学科研究"(17ZDA167)成果之一

摘　　要：中国古典神话的特色在于"人神混融",远古神话是否自成体系尚难考定,但从各部族原生的感生神话发展到以"帝系"为标志的华夏民族共同体神话,正体现了中国神话的基本体系及其演进建构的历史脉络。它完成于战国晚期,将政统、道统和血统合为一体,成为华夏民族共同体确立的一个重要标志。两汉之世,感生神话与帝系神话续有发展,其最大的特点是将政统、道统和血统以各种方式嵌入五行之德的德统之列,非但为帝系提供了先验的结构原则,更为各种时势政治提供理论合法性,直至魏晋以降这类活跃于政治舞台的学术渐次冷淡并重归史学之列,标志着汉语世界古典神话的终结。其间充分显示出古典神话层累的再生产过程,这是中国古典神话的一个基本法则。One of the characteristics of Chinese mythology lies in its co-existence and commingling of humans and deities.Whether there is a logical system of the ancient mythology still remains to be determined.However,the process of its development,from the myths of miraculous conceptions of ancient tribes to the imperial genea-logy that characterizes the Chinese people's common myth,is an embodiment of the basic system of Chinese mythology as well as the construction and development of its historical context.This system of mythology was completed in the late Warring States Period,combining political orthodoxy,Confucian orthodoxy with family genealogy,establishing an important feature that defines the common state of ethnic Chinese.During the Han Dynasty,both miraculous myths and imperial genealogy myths continued to develop.One prominent feature of this time was that the political,Confucian and genealogy orthodoxies were embedded,in various forms,into the system of the five elements(wu xing).This not only provided a structural principle of prerequisite for the imperial genealogies,but also legitimized in theory multiple political scenarios.It was not until after the Wei and Jin Dynasties that such theories,once highly active on the political stage,gradually faded out,marking the end of classical mythology of the Han Chinese population.The re-production process of the classical mythology's stratum accumulation was obviously manifest within.It is a basic principle of Chinese classical mythology.

关 键 词：感生 帝系 神话 上古史 知识生产 

分 类 号：I207.7[文学—中国文学]