不同光周期与光质配比对番茄植株生长发育的影响  

Effects of Different Photoperiods and Photon Flux Ratios of Red and Blue LEDs on Growth and Development of Tomato Plants

作　　者：何蔚[1] 陈丹艳[1] 胡晓婷 王晓旭[1] 陈乐涵 张海春[2] 杨振超[1] HE Wei;CHEN Danyan;HU Xiaoting;WANG Xiaoxu;CHEN Lehan;ZHANG Haichun;YANG Zhenchao(College of Horticulture,Northwest A＆F University,Yangling Shaanxi 712100,China;Agricultural Mechanization Institute of Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Urumqi 830091 ,China)

机构地区：[1]西北农林科技大学园艺学院,陕西杨凌712100 [2]新疆农业科学院农业机械化研究所,乌鲁木齐830091

出　　处：《西北农业学报》2018年第4期562-570,共9页Acta Agriculturae Boreali-occidentalis Sinica

基　　金：国家"863"计划(2013AA103004);新疆维吾尔自治区重点研发计划(2016B01003-2)~~

摘　　要：旨在探索植物工厂番茄生长的最佳光配方参数,研究不同光周期和光质配比对番茄植株生长发育的影响。以番茄‘金棚1号’为材料,LED灯为光源,在光强(58±1)μmol·m-2·s-1下,设置14h/10h(P24)、7h/5h(P12)和3.5h/2.5h(P6)等3个光周期水平,红蓝光光强比分别是7∶1(7RB)和1∶1(RB)等2个光质配比水平,完全随机组合得到P6-7RB、P6-RB、P12-7RB、P12-RB、P24-7RB、P24-RB 6个处理。分别对番茄小苗(2叶1心)和大苗(6叶1心)的形态指标、生理指标和光合参数进行研究,结果表明:小苗试验中P6和P12各处理的叶片出现缺绿症状,只有P24-7RB和P24-RB保持正常生长。大苗试验中P6和P12植株的叶片未出现缺绿症。低光强下P24生长指标、光合特性和叶绿素荧光参数均优于P6和P12。P24-RB的净光合速率(Pn)和气孔导度(Gs)显著高于P24-7RB。说明番茄幼苗生长发育难以适应P6和P12的短光周期,对番茄生长发育效果最好的光配方处理是P24-RB。Plants grew for 25 days with（58±1）μmol·m-2·s-1 PPFD under a photoperiod of 14/10 h（P24）,7/5 h（P12）or 3.5/2.5 h（P6）,each one combined with a photon flux ratio of red（R）and blue（B）（R∶B ratio）7 RB or RB.Young seedling（Experiment Ⅰ）leaves developed in the experiments were observed to turn white under P6 and P12.The total chlorophyll a ＋ b content in leaves of P24 only kept the healthy level.For the older tomato plants（ExperimentⅡ）,the adaptability of P6 and P12 enhanced when the tomato plants were at the mature stage due to flower bud development.At the two stages,seedlings treated with P24-7 RB and P24-RB had healthy growth and no significant difference in morphology or chlorophyll content.However,the net photosynthetic rate（Pn）and stomatal conductance（Gs）under P24-RB was significantly higher than those under P24-7 RB.In conclusion,the short photoperiods of P6 and P12 were hard for tomato plants to adapt to in experiment I.P24-RB,the light recipe,was beneficial to tomato plant growth under low light intensity.

关 键 词：光周期 光质 番茄 生长发育 叶绿素 光合特性 叶绿素荧光 

分 类 号：S626.9[农业科学—园艺学] S641.2