贵州夹岩水利枢纽区域景观生态风险评价研究  

Study on Landscape Ecological Risk Assessment of Jiayan Water Conservancy Regions in Guizhou

作　　者：任金铜 莫世江 陈群利 骆强 王志红 REN Jintong, MO Shijiang, CHEN Qunli, LUO Qiang, WANG Zhihong(Key Laboratory of Bio- resources Development and Ecological Restoration of Guizhou Provincial Department of Education, Guizhou University of Engineering and Science, Bijie 551700, Chin)

机构地区：[1]贵州省教育厅生物资源开发与生态修复特色重点实验室贵州工程应用技术学院,贵州毕节551700

出　　处：《环境科学与技术》2018年第4期182-189,共8页Environmental Science & Technology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(31560059);贵州省科技厅社会攻关计划(黔科合SY字[2013]3171号);贵州省科技厅联合基金项目(黔科合J字LKB[2012]20号;21号;黔科合LH字[2016]7052号);贵州省科学技术基金项目(黔科合J字[2012]2009号);贵州省教育厅自然科学研究项目(黔教合KY字(2015)448号);贵州省普通高等学校生物资源开发与生态修复特色重点实验室开放基金项目(贵工程院政通[2015]37号)

摘　　要：为揭示水利工程建设对典型喀斯特石漠化生态脆弱区域景观生态风险的影响,基于"3S"技术、景观生态学和生态风险评价理论构建景观生态风险评价模型,以贵州夹岩水利枢纽区52个乡镇为评价单元,对研究区1995-2015年间景观生态风险时空变化特征进行分析,结果表明:(1)研究区内建设用地、林地景观类型面积持续增加,水域景观类型面积呈增加趋势,总体生态环境保持较好。(2)研究时段内景观破碎化程度整体偏低,人为因素对景观斑块的破碎化程度干扰较小;水域景观类型的分离度指数最大,受到人类活动干扰程度最大,特别是夹岩水利枢纽工程的实施。(3)20年间处于高生态风险区和低生态风险区乡镇变化不大,各乡镇区域景观生态风险变化主要集中在中等生态风险区、较低生态风险区和较高生态风险区的相互转化。(4)研究区不同时段各乡镇间的区域景观生态风险水平具有显著的自相关,在空间上存在空间集聚效应,区域景观生态风险指数空间分布均以高-高聚集和低-低聚集类型为主。The study aims at revealing the impact of water conservancy construction on landscape ecological risk of the typical ecologically fragile areas of Karst rocky desertification. Based on 3 S technology, landscape ecology and ecological risk assessment theory, the landscape ecological risk assessment model was constructed. Taking 52 towns in Jiayan water conservancy of Guizhou as estimation units, the temporal and spatial patterns of landscape ecological risk in the study area were analyzed during 1995-2015. The results show that the landscape type and area of construction and forest continued to increase,and the water landscape type and area increased, the overall ecological environment was better. During the study period, the degree of landscape fragmentation is low and the human activities have low degree influence to the fragmentation of the landscape spots; water landscape classes have the largest separation index, indicating that it has the greatest degree of interference with human activities, especially with the implementation of Jiayan water conservancy project. In the past 20 years, towns which locate in high ecological risk area and low ecological risk area have little change, and the landscape ecological risk is concentrated in medium ecological risk regions. Lower ecological risk areas and higher ecological risk areas mutually transform to each other. In different time different towns＇ landscape ecological risk has a significant autocorrelation, there is a spatial agglomeration effect in space, the spatial distribution of regional ecological risk index is based on high-high aggregation and low-low aggregation type.

关 键 词：夹岩水利枢纽 3S 景观格局 景观生态风险 时空演化 

分 类 号：X826[环境科学与工程—环境工程]