应用两种风险评估模型评估1,3-丁二烯暴露的职业健康风险  

Assessment on occupational health risks of 1,3-butadiene exposure by two risk assessment models

作　　者：伍波 程秀荣[1] 张高峰[2] 李铭[2] 侯粉霞[1] 邢彩虹[1] WU Bo;CHENG Xiu-rong;ZHANG Gao-feng;LI Ming;HOU Fen-xia;XING Cai-hong(National Institute for Occupational Health and Poison Control, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, 100050, China;Department of Occupational Health Testing and Evaluation, Ji＇nan Railway Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Ji＇nan Shandong , 250001, China)

机构地区：[1]中国疾病预防控制中心职业卫生与中毒控制所毒理室,北京100050 [2]济南铁路疾病预防控制中心职业卫生检测与评价科,山东济南250001

出　　处：《职业与健康》2018年第7期865-868,共4页Occupation and Health

基　　金：职业健康风险评估与国家职业卫生标准制定项目(1311400010903)

摘　　要：目的对使用1,3-丁二烯的橡胶生产企业进行职业健康风险评估,探讨两种风险评估模型的适用性。方法 2017年3—4月选择山东某橡胶生产企业作为研究对象,通过定点监测及现场调查获得各个岗位的1,3-丁二烯暴露水平和作业条件,采用新加坡半定量风险评估模型和职业危害风险指数法对各个岗位的职业健康风险进行评估分级。结果新加坡半定量风险评估模型评估结果显示,丁苯二车间前工序操作岗属于高风险水平,风险(Risk)值为3.8;丁二烯车间、顺丁车间、丁苯一车间的前工序操作岗、丁苯二车间的后工序凝聚岗风险等级为中等风险水平,Risk值均为3.2,其余岗位为低风险水平;职业危害风险指数法评估结果显示,工厂各车间内的岗位均为高风险,其中丁苯二车间前工序操作岗风险指数最高,为40.79。结论两种模型的职业健康风险评估结果不完全一致,职业危害风险指数法因考虑到工作场所作业条件故能更客观的评估1,3-丁二烯暴露引起的职业健康风险。[Objective]To assess the occupational health risk of 1,3-butadiene exposure in the rubber manufacturing factory,explore the applicability of two risk assessment models. [Methods] 1,3-butadiene exposure monitoring and occupational health investigation for workplace were carried out in a rubber manufacturing factory in Shandong Province from March to April in 2017.The occupational health risk of each work unit was evaluated and graded by the Singapore semi-quantitative risk assessment model and the occupational hazard risk assessment index method. [Results] Singapore semi-quantitative risk assessment model showed that the former operation post in the styrene-butadiene workplace 2 was in high risk（risk value=3.8）. The medium risks（risk value=3.2） were observed on the former operation post in the butadiene workplace, polybutadiene workplace and styrenebutadiene workplace 1, and on the post-process agglomerate post in styrene-butadiene workplace. The rest of the posts were at the low risk level. The occupational hazard risk index method showed that all posts in the workplaces of the factory were in high risk,and the risk value of the former operation in the styrene-butadiene workplace 2 was the highest, which reached 40.79.[Conclusion] The results of the occupational health risk assessment by the two models are different. Occupational hazard risk index method is more appropriate to assess the occupational health risk caused by 1,3-butadiene exposure, since it increases the objectivity of the assessment by taking into account the working conditions.

关 键 词：1 3-丁二烯 风险评估 职业健康 

分 类 号：R134.2[医药卫生—劳动卫生]