定量分级法在乙酸乙酯工作岗位职业健康风险评估中的应用  

Application of quantitative classification in occupational health risk assessment of ethyl acetate exposure positions

作　　者：杨勇[1] 余青[1] 李有军[1] 李燕[1] 明小燕[1] 肖曼 YANG Yong;YU Qing;LI You-jun;LI Yan;MING Xiao-yan;XIAO Man(Public Health Monitoring Institute, Yichang Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Yichang Hubei, 443000, Chin)

机构地区：[1]宜昌市疾病预防控制中心公共卫生监测所,湖北宜昌443000

出　　处：《职业与健康》2018年第7期869-871,883,共4页Occupation and Health

摘　　要：目的运用定量分级法对宜昌市某印刷企业乙酸乙酯工作岗位职业健康风险进行评估,检验该方法在乙酸乙酯职业健康风险评估实践中的适用性,提出有针对性的职业健康风险控制措施。方法以宜昌市使用乙酸乙酯的某印刷企业作为研究对象,于2015年对企业工作场所进行职业卫生调查和现场检测,利用职业危害风险评估定量分级法评估乙酸乙酯的职业健康风险。结果职业危害风险评估定量分级法对该印刷企业的4个岗位评估的暴露比为2.26、3.01、1.17、0.59,风险指数分别为66.29、100.86、18.01、21.43,危害等级评估结果分别为高度危害、极度危害、中度危害、中度危害。结论定量分级法综合运用了工作场所作业条件情况、接触者的暴露情况和职业病危害因素的健康风险效应,在乙酸乙酯职业健康风险评估实践中有较好的适用性,对印刷企业作业场所接触乙酸乙酯岗位可以更加全面、科学、有针对性地提出职业健康风险控制措施。[Objective] To evaluate the occupational health risk of ethyl acetate exposure positions in a printing enterprise in Yichang City by quantitative classification method, test the applicability of the method in the practice of occupational health risk assessment of ethyl acetate, and put forward targeted occupational health risk control measures. [Methods] A printing company using ethyl acetate in Yichang City was selected as the research object. Occupational health survey and field testing were conducted in the workplace in 2015. The occupational health risk of ethyl acetate was evaluated by using the quantitative classification method. [Results] The results of the quantitative classification method showed that the hazard ratio of 4 positions in the printing company was respectively 2.26, 3.01, 1.17 and 0.59, while the risk index was respectively 66.29, 100.86, 18.01 and 21.43. The hazard degree was assessed as the highly hazardous and extremely hazard, moderate hazard and moderate hazard.[Conclusion] Quantitative classification method, which uses the workplace condition, the exposure of the contact person and the health risk effect of occupational hazards, has good applicability in the practice of occupational health risk assessment of ethyl acetate. The method can put forwards the comprehensive, scientific and targeted control measures against occupational health risk of ethyl acetate exposure in workplace of printing enterprise.

关 键 词：职业健康 定量分级法 乙酸乙酯 风险评估 

分 类 号：R134.2[医药卫生—劳动卫生]