2015—2016年北京市门头沟区肠道门诊腹泻患者病毒性腹泻监测结果  

Monitoring results of viral diarrhea among diarrhea patients in enteric disease clinics in Mentougou District of Beijing from 2015-2016

作　　者：赵香菊[1] 王志越[1] 褚添 吕秋艳[1] 刘英[1] ZHAO Xiang-ju;WANG Zhi-yue;CHU Tian;LYU Qiu-yan;LIU Ying(Microbiology Laboratory, Mentougou Center for Dise~L~e Control and Prevention, Beijing, 102300, China)

机构地区：[1]北京市门头沟区疾病预防控制中心微生物检验科,北京102300

出　　处：《职业与健康》2018年第7期954-957,共4页Occupation and Health

摘　　要：目的分析北京市门头沟区肠道门诊腹泻患者轮状病毒和诺如病毒感染的流行状况和临床特征。方法采集2015年1月—2016年12月北京市门头沟区哨点医院肠道门诊腹泻患者的粪便标本,以及流行病学和临床症状资料。使用实时荧光定量聚合酶链式反应(real-time RT-PCR)方法检测轮状病毒和诺如病毒,采用描述流行病学方法进行分析。结果 2015年1月—2016年12月北京市门头沟区肠道门诊腹泻患者轮状病毒检出率为7.46%(22/295),诺如病毒检出率为15.93%(47/295)。2015年轮状病毒检出率(3.28%)低于2016年(10.40%),差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);2015年诺如病毒检出率(22.95%)高于2016年(10.98%),差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);男性轮状病毒检出率(4.14%)低于女性(10.67%),差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);轮状病毒阳性与阴性患者在腹泻频率2~5次和≥10次差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);诺如病毒阳性的腹泻患者恶心和呕吐症状的发生率高于阴性患者,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论诺如病毒是肠道门诊腹泻患者的主要病原体,其次是轮状病毒,女性更容易感染轮状病毒,并且轮状病毒感染的患者有更高的腹泻频率,诺如病毒感染的常见症状是恶心和呕吐。[Objective]To analyze the epidemic situation and clinical characteristics of rotavirus and norovirus infection among diarrhea patients in enteric disease clinics in Mentougou District of Beijing.[Methods]The fecal specimens, epidemiological and clinical symptoms data of diarrhea patients in enteric disease clinics of sentinel hospital in Mentougou District of Beijing from January in 2015 to December in 2016 were collected. The rotavirus and norovirus were detected by real-time RT-PCR, and analyzed by descriptive epidemiologic method. [Results]The detection rate of rotavirus in diarrhea patients in enteric disease clinics in Mentougou District of Beijing from January in 2015 to December in 2016 was 7.46%（22/295）, and the detection rate of norovirus was 15.93%（47/295）. The detection rate of rotavirus in 2015（3.28%） was lower than that in 2016（10.40%）, and the difference was statistically significant（P〈0.05）. The detection rate of norovirus in 2015（22.95%） was higher than that in 2016（10.98%）, and the difference was statistically significant（P〈0.05）. The detection rate of rotavirus in male（4.14%） was lower than that in female（10.67%）, and the difference was statistically significant（P〈0.05）. The diarrhea frequency（2-5 and ≥10）between the rotavirus positive patients and negative patients was statistically significant（P〈0.05）. The incidence rate of nausea and vomiting in norovirus positive patients was higher than that in norovirus negative patients, and the difference was statistically significant（P〈0.05）.[Conclusion]Norovirus is the main pathogen of diarrhea patients in enteric clinics, the second is rotavirus.Women are more likely to be infected with rotavirus. Rotavirus positive patients experienced a higher frequency of diarrhea.Nausea and vomiting are the common symptoms in norovirus positive patients.

关 键 词：腹泻 轮状病毒 诺如病毒 

分 类 号：R183[医药卫生—流行病学]