近代以来生化武器的使用、管制与日军的实例  

The Use and Control of Biochemical Weapons since the Modern Times and Examples of the Japanese Army

作　　者：水本和实 吴占军[2] Mizumoto Kazumi

机构地区：[1]日本广岛市立大学广岛和平研究所 [2]辽宁大学日本研究所

出　　处：《日本研究》2018年第1期64-70,共7页Japan Studies

摘　　要：人类在战争中使用生化武器的历史很早,但直到20世纪初期,在生物学、有机化学等现代科技的催化下,生化武器才真正获得全面发展并直接应用于战争。各国吸取了第一次世界大战中生化武器带来的惨痛教训,于1925年签署了旨在禁止化学武器使用的《日内瓦毒气议定书》。但是,日本作为缔约国完全违背议定书的规定,不仅秘密扩大开发、生产,还成为第二次世界大战中为数不多使用生化武器的国家,而中国则成为最大的受害国。包括生物武器、化学武器和核武器在内的大规模杀伤性武器,其非人道主义性质在国际社会上已经达成共识,各国也正在积极推动清除及防止扩散的管控运动。战后70余年的今天,在华日军遗弃化学武器问题依然尚未得到妥善解决,日本政府负有全部的销毁义务,希望双方通力合作,以加快问题的彻底解决。The history of human use of biochemical weapons in warfare was very early, but it was not until the early 20 th century that biological and chemical weapons were truly catalyzed by modern science and technology. The countries learned the bitter lessons of biochemical weapons in the First World War and in 1925 signed the ＂Geneva Protocol＂ aimed at prohibiting the use of chemical weapons. However, as a contracting party, Japan completely violated the provisions of the Protocol, not only secretly expanding its development and production, but also becoming one of the few countries that used biochemical weapons in the Second World War, while China became the biggest victim. The non-humanitarian nature of weapons of mass destruction, including biological weapons, chemical weapons, and nuclear weapons, has reached consensus in the international community. Countries are also actively promoting the campaigns of the elimination and prevention of proliferation. Today, more than 70 years after the end of the war, the problem of the abandoned chemical weapons of the Japanese army in China has still not been properly resolved. The Japanese government has all the destruction obligations and hopes that the two sides will work together to expedite the complete resolution of the issue.

关 键 词：生物武器 化学武器 《日内瓦毒气议定书》 在华日军遗弃化学武器 非人道主义 

分 类 号：E929[军事—军事装备学]