杭州市典型雾霾期污染特征及污染源的HYSPLIT模型分析  

Characteristics of air pollution during typical haze periods and HYSPLIT model analysis of its source in Hangzhou

作　　者：李正 张昊 叶辉[2] 程广焕 孙明洋 胡宝兰[1] 楼莉萍[1] LI Zheng;ZHANG Hao;YE Hui;CHENG Guanghuan;SUN Mingyang;HU Baolan;LOU Liping(Environmental ＆ Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058;Hangzhou Environmental Monitoring Center, Hangzhou 310007;School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nanjing University of Information Science ＆ Technoloav. Naniing 210044)

机构地区：[1]浙江大学环境与资源学院,杭州310058 [2]浙江省杭州市环境监测中心站,杭州310007 [3]南京信息工程大学环境科学与工程学院,南京210044

出　　处：《环境科学学报》2018年第5期1717-1726,共10页Acta Scientiae Circumstantiae

基　　金：国家自然科学基金青年基金(No.21607078);浙江大学空气污染与健康研究中心项目(No.515405-I21401)~~

摘　　要：为探究杭州市冬春季节大气污染特征与雾霾成因,本文分析了2015年12月—2016年3月市区10个空气质量监测站的PM_(2.5)、SO_2等6种污染物的浓度变化规律,对比了雾霾期和非雾霾期各污染物间的相关性,利用HYSPLIT(Hybrid Single Particle Lagrangian Integrated Trajectory)模型探讨了期间5次典型雾霾期污染物的潜在来源.结果表明,研究期内各污染物浓度呈现冬高春低的变化趋势(除O3浓度3月最高),颗粒物和NO_2是主要的超标污染物,其中PM_(2.5)和PM_(10)日均值分别是一级标准的2.2和2.4倍.雾霾期PM_(2.5)、PM_(10)、SO_2、NO_2和CO浓度是非雾霾期的2.4、2.3、1.3、1.5和1.6倍,PM_(2.5)与CO的正相关性最强(0.863),远高于NO_2(0.410)和SO_2(0.399),而非雾霾期三者差异不大,表明雾霾期机动车尾气的贡献更为重要.HYSPLIT后向轨迹和浓度权重轨迹CWT(Concentration-Weighted Trajectory)分析结果表明雾霾时期西南(38.3%)、西北(19.1%)方向和近距离输送(27.3%)的气团携带了较多的污染物,远距离输送是污染物的主要来源.研究结果可为长三角的雾霾污染控制提供数据支撑.In order to investigate the characteristics and sources of air pollution in winter and spring in Hangzhou,the regularities of the concentration of six kinds of pollutants at ten air quality monitoring stations from December 2015 to March 2016 were analyzed,the correlations between air pollutants in haze and non-haze periods were compared,and potential pollution sources of typical haze periods were discussed using HYSPLIT（ Hybrid Single Particle Lagrangian Integrated Trajectory） model. The results indicated that the concentrations of air pollutants were higher in winter and lower in spring（ the concentration of O3 was highest in March） during the study period. Particulate and NO2 were the major pollutants exceeding their standards,and daily average concentrations of PM2.5 and PM10 were 2.2 and 2.4 times the Grade-Ⅰ standards. The concentrations of PM2.5,PM10,SO2,NO2 and CO in haze days were 2.4,2.3,1.3,1.5 and 1.6 times the those in non-haze days. There were positive correlations between PM2.5 and air pollutions. It showed strong correlation between the PM2.5 and CO（ 0.863）,and weak correlations between the PM2.5 and NO2（0.410）,SO2（0.399）,respectively,during haze periods,but the correlations between PM2.5 and SO2,NO2 and CO were similar（ 0.620 ~ 0. 799） in non-haze days,indicating that the contribution of vehicle exhaust emissions was more important in haze days. The results of HYSPLIT back trajectory and Concentration-Weight Trajectory（ CWT） analysisindicated that the air mass from southwest（ 38.3%）,northwest（ 19.1%） and short distance transportation（ 27.3%） carried many pollutants,and long distance transmission was the main source of pollutants. The results can provide data for the control of haze pollution in the Yangtze River Delta.

关 键 词：大气污染物 相关性 雾霾事件 后向轨迹 

分 类 号：X51[环境科学与工程—环境工程]