渤海湾浮游动物群落变化及其与环境因子的关系  

Zooplankton community variation and its relationship with environmental variables in Bohai Bay

作　　者：杨璐[1] 刘捷[1] 张健[1] 王晓莉[1] 许艳[1] 李潇[1] 何隆[1] YANG Lu;LIU Jie;ZHANG Jian;WANG Xiao-li;XU Yan;LI Xiao;HE Long(National Marine Data and Information Service, Tianjin 300171,China)

机构地区：[1]国家海洋信息中心,天津300171

出　　处：《海洋学研究》2018年第1期93-101,共9页Journal of Marine Sciences

基　　金：国家重点研发计划"海洋环境安全保障"重点专项项目资助(2016YFC 1401906)

摘　　要：浮游动物作为海洋生物的重要类群,对气候变化及人类活动都具有较高的敏感性。本文基于2004—2015年渤海湾夏季浮游动物监测资料,分析了浮游动物的群落结构及物种变动特征,并探讨了群落变动与环境因子的关系。结果表明,2004—2015年,渤海湾夏季浮游动物群落的种类数和生物多样性总体呈上升趋势。渤海湾浮游动物分属于7个门类,其中节肢动物门和腔肠动物门种类数最多,近年来物种数增长最快。12 a间,渤海湾浮游动物群落组成发生了显著变化,中华哲水蚤Calanus sinicus、真刺唇角水蚤Labidocera euchaeta等大中型桡足类数量逐渐下降,太平洋纺锤水蚤Acartia pacifica、背针胸刺水蚤Centropages dorsispinatus等小型桡足类及异体住囊虫Oikopleura dioica、锡兰和平水母Eirene ceylonensis等胶质类浮游动物数量逐渐增加。渤海湾浮游动物的群落变化主要与温度、盐度、营养盐等环境因子密切相关。As one of the most important marine groups,zooplankton are very sensitive to climate change and anthropogenic activities. In this study,the structures and variations of zooplankton community were considered on the basis of monitoring data in Bohai Bay in the summer from 2004 to 2015,and the relationship between the zooplankton and environmental variables was examined. Results showed that species number and biodiversity indices of zooplankton appeared an increasing trend in Bohai Bay. Among 7 phyla identified, two major groups of Arthropoda and Coelenterata showed an increasing abundance in recent years. As a result,the zooplankton composition in the Bohai Bay had changed dramatically during 12 years： the number of large-sized copepods such as Calanus sinicus and Labidocera euchaeta had decreased gradually, while small copepods such as Acartia pacifica and Centropages dorsispinatus as well as gelatinous zooplankton such as Oikopleura dioica and Eirene ceylonensis had expanded. It was revealed that the zooplankton community variation mainly related with the environmental variables such as changes in temperature,salinity and nutrients concentration in Bohai Bay.

关 键 词：渤海湾 浮游动物 群落变化 环境因子 

分 类 号：Q178.53[生物学—水生生物学]