新型消毒剂过碳酸钠灭菌对烟草种子萌发和无菌苗生长的影响  

Effect of Sterilization with Sodium Percarbonate on Seed Germination and Plant Growth of Tobacco

作　　者：王一珂 陶向[2] 马欣荣[2] Wang Yike;Tao Xiang;Ma Xinrong(iChengdu No. 7 High School, Chengdu 610041;Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu 610041)

机构地区：[1]成都市第七中学,成都610041 [2]中国科学院成都生物研究所,成都610041

出　　处：《中国农学通报》2018年第10期43-47,共5页Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin

基　　金：中国科学院科技服务网络计划(STS计划)"村落污染减控与废弃物资源化技术研发及示范/立体生态农业试验示范"(KFJ-SW-STS-175-03);中国科学院成都生物研究所自主部署项目(Y5S4021100)

摘　　要：为探索和评价新型消毒剂在植物表面灭菌中的应用方法,本研究比较过碳酸钠、次氯酸钠、升汞3种灭菌剂对烟草种子的表面灭菌效果,及对种子萌发和植株生长的影响。烟草种子分别用4.0%过碳酸钠水溶液(活性氧含量≥0.54%)处理20~40 min后直接接种于MS培养基中;33.3%次氯酸钠溶液(活性氯含量≥1.65%)处理10 min或0.1%升汞水溶液灭菌4 min,无菌水清洗5次后接种于MS培养基中。3种方法灭菌效果相当,无污染,并且90%的种子能萌发。过碳酸钠和次氯酸钠处理后种子萌发快、植株生长良好,且过碳酸钠灭菌组的植株生长略优;而升汞则延缓种子萌发并抑制植株生长。此外,因过碳酸钠灭菌后无需清洗,显示了其作为种子表面灭菌剂的极大优势。本研究建立了烟草种子表面灭菌的新方法,同时为其他植物的种子及外植体表面灭菌提供了参考,具有较大的实用价值。Sodium percarbonate, a new disinfectant, has been widely used in the sterilization and is not reported in the surface sterilization of plant seeds and explants. In this study, tobacco seeds study the effects of three sterilizing agents, including sodium percarbonate, sodium hypochlorite cleaning, but were used to and mercuric chloride, on the seed surface sterilization and their effects on seed germination and plant growth. Tobacco seeds were treated with 4.0% aqueous solution of sodium percarbonate （active oxygen content ≥0.54%） for 20- 40 min and then inoculated directly onto MS medium for germination and growth. While the other two groups were sterilized separately with 33.3% sodium hypochlorite solution （active chlorine content ≥1.65%） for 10 min and 0.1% aqueous solution of mercury for 4 rain, then cleaned for 5 times with sterile water and inoculated on the same medium. The results showed that 90% of seeds germinated and no plantlet was contaminated, indicating that the three methods were effective. The seeds germinated fast and the plantlets grew well in sodium percarbonate and sodium hypochlorite treatments, and the group of sodium percarbonate treatment was slightly better than that of sodium hypochlorite. However, mercury delayed seed germination and inhibited plant growth. In addition, sodium percarbonate eliminated the need for cleaning after sterilization, exhibiting a great advantage. This study establishes a new method for tobacco seed surface sterilization, which provides areference for the sterilization of other plants seeds and explants, showing huge practical value.

关 键 词：过碳酸钠 次氯酸钠 升汞 烟草种子 表面灭菌 萌发 植株生长 

分 类 号：Q94-331[生物学—植物学]