“数量成分+出头”的结构、用法及其来源  

Grammar Structure,Usage and Source of “Quantitative Components + Chu tou”

作　　者：朱佳婷 ZHU Jiating(Shanghai Normal University Institute of Linguistics,Shanghai 200030 chin)

机构地区：[1]上海师范大学语言研究所,上海200030

出　　处：《宜宾学院学报》2018年第4期103-109,共7页Journal of Yibin University

摘　　要：概数表达结构"数量成分+出头"中的数量成分以物量成分为主,也有时量成分和动量成分。此结构倾向于表示主观小量,用于描述人的年龄、身高、体重时倾向于表积极义,而用于描述一般数量时倾向于表消极义。"数量成分+出头"来源于"NP出头",与"出头"相邻的成分从名词类推到数量,"出头"本义为"物体露出顶端",后通过隐喻发展出"超出数量"义。＂Chu tou＂has become an approximate number auxiliary,‘quantitative components ＋ chu tou＇is an expression form of approximate number. There are three kinds of quantitative components in this structure. They are mainly matter quantity components. They are Sometimes time quantity and Momentum components. Among the matter quantity,the most prominent ones are age,measure and individual. This structure mainly acts as attributive,predicate,object and adverbial in a sentence. It tends to express the subjective evaluation of the person or thing by the narrator. It tends to express subjective small quantity. It tends to express positive meaning when describing a person＇s age,height or weight. ＂Individual/aggregate ＋ chu tou＂tends to be negative. ＂Quantitative components ＋ chu tou＂comes from ＂NP chu tou＂.

关 键 词：数量成分 出头 概数助词 结构 用法 来源 

分 类 号：H109.4[语言文字—汉语]