植物microRNA响应非生物胁迫研究进展  

Recent advances in plant micrornas responses to abiotic stresses

作　　者：吴美婷 杨晓玉 罗淋淋 莫蓓莘 刘琳 WU Mei-ting;YANG Xiao-yu;LUO Lin-lin;MO Bei-xin;LIU Lin(College of Life Sciences and Oceanography, Shenzhen University/Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory for Plant Epigenetics , Shenzhen 518060, China;College of Optoelectronic Engineering, Shenzhen University/ Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Devices and Systems of Ministry of Education and Guangdong Province, Shenzhen 518060, China)

机构地区：[1]深圳大学生命与海洋科学学院/广东省植物表观遗传学重点实验室,广东深圳518060 [2]深圳大学光电工程学院/光电子器件与系统(教育部/广东省)重点实验室,广东深圳518060

出　　处：《广东农业科学》2018年第3期69-80,共12页Guangdong Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(31600982);广东省创新团队项目(2014ZT05S078);中国博士后科学基金(2017M612741);深圳大学科研基金(2016095)

摘　　要：非生物胁迫是影响植物生长和产量的主要因素之一,而microRNA(miRNA)在植物的非生物胁迫应答中具有重要的调控作用。miRNA可与靶基因mRNA互补配对结合,通过切割靶基因mRNA或抑制其翻译的方式,在转录后水平上实现对靶基因表达的调控,进而对植物的生长发育、形态建成以及逆境响应等多个方面产生重要影响。综述了植物miRNA的合成、降解及作用机制的研究进展,并对植物miRNA参与的干旱胁迫、盐胁迫、高温与低温胁迫、养分胁迫和金属离子胁迫等非生物胁迫的应答机制进行了详细阐述,并就当前植物miRNA研究中存在诸如miRNA代谢的亚细胞定位不明、功能研究手段单一以及逆境胁迫响应机制研究不深入等问题指出了未来该领域研究的发展趋势。Abiotic stress is one of the primary factors that affect plant growth and yield. Recently microRNAs（miRNAs） have been found to play an essential role in regulating plant abiotic stress responses. miRNAs can base-pair with mRNAs of target genes and regulate their expression post-transcriptionally by cleavage or translation inhibition. Therefore,miRNAs play a critical role in plant growth and development,morphogenesis,stress responses and many other physiological processes in plants. In this review,we summarized the recent advances in the biosynthesis,degradation and action modes of plant miRNAs. Particularly we introduced plant miRNA-mediated response mechanisms to abiotic stresses responses including drought stress,salt stress,high and low temperature stress,nutrient supply stress,metal ion stress and so on in detail. Finally we proposed the perspectives for plant miRNA study based on the still existing problems in current plant miRNA research such as the ambiguousity of subcellular localization of plant miRNA metabolism,the lacking of efficient research tools for plant miRNA functions and unclarity of miRNA-mediated response mechanisms to environmental stresses.

关 键 词：植物 MIRNA 基因调控 非生物胁迫 

分 类 号：Q522[生物学—生物化学]