一种改进的螺旋齿铣刀立铣切削力计算方法  

Improved method for calculating the cutting force of end milling with helical tools

作　　者：窦炜[1] 袁胜万 何晓聪[1] DOU Wei;YUAN Shengwan;HE Xiaocong(Faculty of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering,Kunming University of Science and Technology,Kunming, 650500;Shenji Group Kunming Machine Tool Company Limited,Kunming, 650203)

机构地区：[1]昆明理工大学机电工程学院,昆明650500 [2]沈机集团昆明机床股份有限公司,昆明650000

出　　处：《振动与冲击》2018年第10期181-186,207,共7页Journal of Vibration and Shock

基　　金：国家科技重大专项(2016ZX04004002)

摘　　要：计算铣削力是求解螺旋齿立铣加工动力学方程的一个重要的中间环节,普遍采用将刀具沿轴向离散成微元段逐个计算再求和的近似方法。基于线性切削力模型,通过变量替换将任意时刻判断刀齿是否进入切削区的窗函数从铣削力积分中消去,同时将铣削力积分上下限由整个轴向切入深度替换为实际进入切削区的刀刃段的方位角,得到可以直接计算的定积分。最后给出一种螺旋齿铣刀铣削力的解析计算表达式,在求解铣削动力学方程时能够简化铣削力的计算过程。仿真结果表明,该方法所需计算量与求解直齿铣削动力学方程相当,并且不存在刀具轴向离散导致的误差,能够有效提高螺旋齿立铣动力方程的求解效率。It is necessary to determine the cutting forces at each time step for solving milling process dynamic equations. Usually,the integral of the cutting force of helical tool is approximated as follows： the tool is first divided into element disks,and then the elementary forces on each element disk are calculated as a corresponding straight teeth tool in turn,and finally the total cutting force is approximated by summing up all the elementary forces. This approximation approach was not only is time-consuming but also causes errors. By variable substitution,the switch function of the cutting zone was eliminated from the cutting force integrand,and the integral limits were replaced by the position angle of the cutting edge entering the cutting zone. Then,the analytical expressions for cutting forces of helical tools were obtained,which simplifies the calculation of the milling force,thus can improve the efficiency of solving the dynamic equations for the belical tool milling. The simulation results show that the computational cost of solving a helical tool milling dynamic equation is equivalent to solving that of a straight teeth tool,and without introducing the tool axial discretization errors.

关 键 词：螺旋齿立铣刀 铣削加工过程 动态切削力 时域仿真 

分 类 号：TH161.6[机械工程—机械制造及自动化] TH113