柿性别分化及性别连锁标记研究进展  

Research progress of sex determination and sex-linked markers in persimmon

作　　者：张萌 张平贤 徐莉清[1,2] 郭大勇 罗正荣[1,2] 张青林 ZHANG Meng1, ZHANG Pingxian1, XU Liqing1, 2, GUO Dayong1, 2, LUO Zhengrong1,2, ZHANG Qinglin1,2(1Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, Hubei, China;2Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for the Characteristic Resources Exploitation of Dabie Mountains·Hubei Key Laboratory of Economic Forest Germplasm Improvement and Resources Comprehensive Utilization, Huanggang Normal University, Huanggang 438000, Hube, Chin)

机构地区：[1]华中农业大学园艺植物生物学教育部重点实验室,武汉430070 [2]黄冈师范学院大别山特色资源开发湖北省协同创新中心.经济林木种质改良与资源综合利用湖北省重点实验室,湖北黄冈438000

出　　处：《果树学报》2018年第5期610-619,共10页Journal of Fruit Science

基　　金：国家科技基础性工作专项(2012FY110100);大别山特色资源开发湖北省协同创新中心项目(2015TD01);中央高校基本科研业务费(2662015PY022);公益性行业(农业)科研专项(201203047)

摘　　要：柿(Diospyros kaki Thunb.)起源中国,按其花性表现可分为雌株、雄株、雌雄同株和三全同株等类型。笔者对柿及其部分近缘植物的性别类型、花芽分化类型及特点、性别决定细胞学及分子机制、雌雄性别遗传规律及与雄性性别连锁的分子标记等研究进展进行扼要总结。此外,还对原产我国中部大别山区的完全雄性柿种质的起源及其利用价值进行初步探讨,以期为柿性别调控机制研究以及完全甜柿遗传改良中的亲本选育提供科学依据。Persimmon（Diospyros kaki Thunb.） is originated and domesticated in China. Artificial control of sexuality is an important issue for both fruit production and breeding of leading persimmon cultivars. Complex sexualities occurred in Diospyros L., and individual persimmon floral phenotypes can be generally divided into four types： gynoecious（bearing female flowers only, most cultivars）, androecious（bearing male flowers only, few cultivars）, monoecious（bearing both male and female flowers, few cultivars） and trimonoecious（bearing both bisexual and unisexual flowers, rare cultivars）. Some gynoecious genotypes, such as Japanese PCNA（pollination constant non-astringent） cultivars‘Fuyuu＇and‘Jirou＇, can occasionally generate male flowers under certain circumstance. The goal of this article is to review the nature of sexual dimorphism in Diospyros L. and discuss the androecious genotypes benefits in persimmon orchard production. The genetic control of sex determination is gradually understood in Diospyros L.. Sex expression was influenced by many factors including hormone, tree age, nutrient status and environment, etc.. Low concentration of indoleacetic acid（IAA）, abscisic acid（ABA）, the ratio of ABA to IAA, and high levels of gibberellin A3（GA3） in male floral buds in the middle of June were correlated to the formation of three-flower cymes. In addition, high levels of the ratio of ABA to zeatin（ZT） might promote the differentiation of male floral buds. Benzylaminoadenine（BA） treatment leads staminate flowers to hermaphroditic flowers. The balance between cytokinins, auxins and abscisic acid plays a vital role in persimmon sex expression. Persimmon pistillate and staminate floral primordia inthe buds of current shoots initiated to differentiate in early June, then quiescent and overwintered. The floral structure restarted to differentiate shortly before blooming in the following season. The presence of flower was observed on current shoots derived from adventitious bu

关 键 词：柿 性别分化 性别连锁标记 完全雄株 遗传改良 

分 类 号：S665.2[农业科学—果树学]