中国和美国、日本饮用水水质标准的比较探究  

Comparative Study of Drinking Water Quality Standards among China,the United States and Japan

作　　者：彭宏熙 李聪[1] PENG Hong-xi, LI Cong(Municipal Engineering Institute, College of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Zhejiaag University, Hangzhou 310058, Chin)

机构地区：[1]浙江大学建筑工程学院市政工程研究所,浙江杭州310058

出　　处：《中国给水排水》2018年第10期26-31,共6页China Water & Wastewater

摘　　要：根据我国《生活饮用水卫生标准》(GB 5749—2006)的分类标准,从微生物指标、有毒物质指标、感官指标以及放射性核素指标等方面,将我国标准与美国环保局颁布的《国家饮用水水质标准》(EPA 816—F—09—004)以及日本厚生劳动省颁布的《自来水水质标准》(2015年版)进行比较,研究结果发现我国标准重视微囊藻毒素,并且具有严格控制粪源指示菌和根据不同水源设置了硝酸盐的不同限值的优势。同时也指出我国标准中一些指标偏高与偏少、修订周期偏长的不足,并提出相应改进的建议。该研究结果对今后进一步完善我国饮用水水质标准提供了重要参考。According to the classification in Standard for Drinking Water Quality （GB 5749 - 2006）, this paper compared the GB 5749 -2006 with National Primary Drinking Water Regulations （EPA 816 - F - 09 - 004） by United States Environmental Protection Agency （USEPA） and Water Quality Standard （2015） by Japanese Ministry of Health, Labour, and Welfare from the aspects of mi- croorganism indices, toxicological indices, sensitive property and radioactive indices. The results showed that more attention was paid on microcystins in China than the United States and Japan. And then, GB 5749 -2006 controls the fecal indicator bacteria more strictly, and different limits for nitrate according to different water source were set. While, with regard to the standards of the United States and Japan, it also pointed out some indices were high or lacking, and the revising period was longer in GB 5749 -2006. This paper provides some corresponding suggestions and important reference for further improving the drinking water quality standard in China.

关 键 词：饮用水 水质标准 比较探究 

分 类 号：TU991[建筑科学—市政工程]