中国公共政策时空演进机理及扩散路径:以河长制的落地与变迁为例  

Temporal and Spatial Evolution Mechanism and Policy Diffusion Path of China's Public Policy:A Study of the Implementation and Changes of River-Chief System

作　　者：王洛忠 庞锐 Wang Luozhong, Pang Rui(1School of Government, Beijing Normal University;2 School of Government, Beijing Normal University. Beijing 10087)

机构地区：[1]北京师范大学政府管理学院

出　　处：《中国行政管理》2018年第5期63-69,共7页Chinese Public Administration

摘　　要：河长制是地方政府破解我国当前水环境治理困局的一种政策创新,因其简单易行、有效实用,很快在全国形成扩散效应。本文基于政策扩散理论的视角,对河长制在31个省级行政单位的落地与变迁进行分析,归纳该政策的时空演进机理及扩散路径。结果表明:在时间维度,扩散曲线呈近似的S型;在空间维度,先行-跟进的层级效应与区域扩散的邻近效应显著;在路径上,纵向的吸纳辐射与横向的学习竞争双向并行,其中垂直效应影响较大,包括政府层级间自下而上的政策吸纳及行政指令自上而下的高位推动;在动力上,政策扩散是任务驱动和问题驱动双重作用的结果;在内容上,以模仿为主,政策创新与再生产不足。综合把握河长制的扩散规律,建立一个高效、协同的政策扩散机制,既是以"河长制"切实保障"河长治"的因应之道,也是实现政府水环境治理体系与治理能力现代化的必由之路。The River-Chief System is a policy innovation by the local government to respond the current water environment governance dilemma. It has been diffused around the whole country soon because it is simple, effective and practical effect. Based on the perspective of policy diffusion theory, the implementation and changes of River-Chief System in 31 provincial governments was analyzed, and the temporal and spatial evolution mechanism and diffusion path of the policy were summarized. The results show that the diffusion curve is similar to the S-shape in the temporal dimension, and the level effect of leader-laggard diffusion and the adjacent effect of regional diffusion are significant in the spatial dimension. The vertical absorption and horizontal learning competition are bidirectional and parallel in terms of the path, and the vertical influence is greater, including the bottom-up policy absorption at the government levels and the top-down promotion of the executive order. Policy diffusion is the result of both mission-driven and problem-driven results in terms of the motivation. The content is mainly imitated during the process of policy diffusion, lacking of the policy innovation and reproduction. Therefore, it is necessary to implement the River-Chief System and establish an efficient and coordinated mechanism for policy proliferation, which is not only the way to ensure the river governance but also the only way to modernize the government＇s water environment governance system and governance capacity.

关 键 词：政策扩散 河长制 时空演进 扩散路径 

分 类 号：D035[政治法律—政治学]