钛表面夹层薄膜对微小碎片撞击防护的影响  

Protection Effect of Interlayer Film on Titanium Surface against Micro-debris Impact

作　　者：张婷婷 杨桂民 魏强[1] 罗栋元 白羽[2] ZHANG Ting-ting1, YANG Gui-min 1, WEI Qiang1, LUO Dong-yuan1, BAI Yu2(1 .School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300350, China; 2.Beijing Satellite Environment Engineering Research Institute, Beijing 100094, Chin)

机构地区：[1]天津大学材料科学与工程学院,天津300350 [2]北京卫星环境工程研究所,北京100094

出　　处：《表面技术》2018年第5期15-21,共7页Surface Technology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(41274191)~~

摘　　要：目的提高航天器材料表面空间微小碎片的防护能力。方法基体采用高纯钛。以氟化铵的乙二醇溶液为电解液,采用阳极氧化法在钛表面制备类蜂窝状TiO_2纳米管阵列夹层;用氢氧化钠溶液,通过碱热处理方法,在钛表面制备泡沫状多孔结构夹层。再采用溶胶凝胶方法制备SiO_2表板覆层,最终在钛表面形成具有类蜂窝状纳米管阵列夹层和泡沫状多孔结构夹层的两种防护膜层体系。通过扫描电子显微镜、超景深三维体式显微镜分析表面形貌;采用激光驱动飞片模拟碎片撞击试验,评价膜层对微小碎片撞击防护的效果;用纳米压痕仪测定材料表面载荷-深度曲线,评价表面力学性能。结果钛金属表面具有类蜂窝状纳米管阵列和泡沫状多孔结构夹层时,表面接触刚度可明显降低,提高了外力作用下的接触变形能力。受到高速撞击时,可以较好地吸收高速撞击产生的能量,对高速撞击有一定的防护作用。结论在钛表面制备了TiO_2纳米管阵列/SiO_2和多孔结构/SiO_2两种复合防护膜系,可以有效提高表面抗冲击能力。开展表面膜层结构化设计,是对空间微小碎片表面防护的有益探索,对于空间微小碎片防护具有重要意义。The work aims to improve surface protection of spacecraft materials against space micro-debris. With high purity titanium as the substrate and ammonium fluoride glycol solution as electrolyte, quasi-honeycomb TiO2 nanotube array interlayer was prepared in anodic oxidation method. Porous foam structure was prepared on the Ti surface using sodium hydroxide solution in the method of alkali-heat-treatment. SiO2 sheet coatings was prepared in sol-gel method on the two kinds of interlayers. Finally, two protective film systems, namely, quasi-honeycomb nanotube array interlayer and foamed porous structure interlayer, formed on the Ti surface. Surface morphology was studied with SEM and ultra DOF 3D stereomicroscope. Impact test of mciro-debris was simulated with laser-driven flyer. Load-depth curves were measured with nano-indenter, mechanical properties of surface were evaluated. The quasi-honeycomb nanotube array interlayer and foamed porous structure interlayer on Ti surface could significantly reduce surface contact stiffness and improve contact deformability under the effect of external force. In case of high velocity impact, the energy generated by high-speed impact could be better absorbed, and certain protective effect was produced under the effect of high-speed impact. Therefore, the composite protective coating systems, i.e., TiO2 nanotube array/SiO2 and porous Ti/SiO2 are prepared on titanium surface, which can effectively improve impact resistance of Ti surface. Structured design of surface film is a helpful exploration of surface protection against space micro-debris, and is of great significance to protection against space micro-debris.

关 键 词：空间微小碎片 类蜂窝结构 泡沫结构 激光驱动飞片 纳米压痕 

分 类 号：O484.4[理学—固体物理] V416.5[理学—物理]