真空气压浸渗3D-C_f/Al复合材料微观缺陷分析  

Micro-defects of 3D-C_f/Al Composites by Vacuum Pressure Infiltration

作　　者：聂明明 徐志锋 余欢 王振军 周珍珍 蔡长春 Nie Mingming;Xu Zhifeng;Yu Huan;Wang Zhenjun;Zhou Zhenzhen;Cai Changchun(National Defence Key Discipline Laboratory of Light Alloy Processing Science and Technology, Nanchang Hangkong University, Nanchang 330063, Chin)

机构地区：[1]南昌航空大学轻合金加工科学与技术国防重点学科实验室,江西南昌330063

出　　处：《稀有金属材料与工程》2018年第4期1266-1274,共9页Rare Metal Materials and Engineering

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(51365043);江西省自然科学基金(20151BAB206004);轻合金加工科学与技术国防重点学科实验室和航空材料热加工技术航空科技重点实验室联合资助项目(GF201101004)

摘　　要：采用真空气压浸渗法制备了纤维体积分数51%、致密度≥97%的三维五向和三维正交编织M40碳纤维增强铝基复合材料(3D-C_f/Al),分析了复合材料中微观缺陷的形貌、形成机理及其控制手段,并对比了2种编织结构对复合材料微观缺陷形成的影响。结果表明:复合材料中的缺陷均是微米级的微观缺陷,主要有束内孔隙、局部纤维偏聚及在基体集聚处的冷隔、显微缩孔及微夹杂等,其中三维正交C_f/Al复合材料束内孔隙及束间孔隙较三维五向C_f/Al复合材料少,而局部纤维偏聚现象较三维五向C_f/Al复合材料严重,造成其缺陷差异的主要原因在于其纤维预制体编织结构的差异,通过提高预热温度可以显著减少复合材料内部的孔隙缺陷及局部纤维偏聚现象。The vacuum gas pressure infiltration was performed to prepare 3D five-directional and 3D orthogonal braided performs woven by M40 graphite fiber composite（3D-Cf/Al） with the volume fraction of 51% and the density higher than 97%. The morphology and formation mechanism of micro-defects and control measures were analyzed, and the effects of braiding structures on micro-defect formation were compared. Results show that the defects in the composite are micron grade micro-defects, including pores within the fiber beam and partial fiber reunited, cold shut, microscopy shrinkage cavity and small inclusion in the substrate concentration. The 3D orthogonal composite has less pores between the fiber beam and pores within the fiber beam than the 3D five-directional composite, while the fiber reunited phenomenon of 3D orthogonal composite is more serious than that of 3D five-directional composite. The main reason for the different defects is braided structure distinctions. Increasing the fiber preheating temperature could effectively reduce the internal pores defect and partial fiber reunited phenomenon.

关 键 词：三维编织 CF/AL复合材料 纤维预热温度 编织结构 微观缺陷 

分 类 号：TB331[一般工业技术—材料科学与工程] TG146.21[金属学及工艺—金属材料]